GLOSSARY 157

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Divine Aseity or Ipseity, the Supreme *“ Self.
Ibn ‘Ata’iillah al-Iskandari: ob. 1309, of Shadhiliyah order,
author of well known Sufi apothegms al-Hikam.

Ibrahim ibn Adham: famous Sufi of 8th century, a native of
Balkh.

al-ihsan: sanctifying virtue, spiritual beauty. Note the funda-
mental triad; al-islam (abandonment to the Divine Will),
al-iman (faith) and al-ihsan, on which the Prophet com-
mented in the famous hadith of Jibril.

Ihya-‘ulim ad-din : *“ The Vivification of the Sciences of Religion”’;
title of a work of Al-Ghazali.

ijad: bringing to existence (Wujiid) ; lit. “‘existentiation.”

al-ikhlds . sincerity, purity of intention.

imam: model, prototype ; in relation to ritual : he who presides
when a number pray together; head of a religious com-
munity.

al-‘imdrah: technical term for collective dhikr accompanied by
dancing ; see also al-hadrah.

al-Insan al-kamil : ** the perfect man ”’ or *‘ the universal man?’:
Sufi term for one who has realised all levels of Being ; also
designates the permanent prototype of man.

al-isharah: allusion, symbolism.

al-isti‘dad: predisposition, aptitude, preparation for receiving,
virtuality.

al-ittisaf bis-Sifat al-ildhiyah, * assimilation of (or : to) the
Divine Qualities,”” See also Sifat.

al-Jabariit: the world of the Divine Omnipotence or Immensity.
See also ‘@lam al-Jabariit and Hahiit.

Jabra’il Jibril, Jabril or Jabra’il : the archangel Gabriel.

al-jadhb : the divine attraction, or ‘‘fascination,”’ which enters
to a greater or lesser degree into every spiritual process.
It is an aspect of grace. See also majdhib.

al-Jalal: the Divine Rigour, awe-inspiring Majesty.