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time when the exploited world is now recognising that is thei
‘world market’ and the international division of labour that are the
mainstay of imperialism and the real causes of underdevelopment
in the world, the Yugoslavs find pleasure in announcing that: |

Yugoslavia is an open social community which also means that, par-
ticularly since 1965 when the economic and social reform was begun, a
policy aimed at a more rapid insertion in the international division of labour
was adopted in accordance with the principle that world market prices
should be the basic criterion in the formation of prices in the home
market, and in determining the price ratios between the individual com-
modities made and services performed by the Yugoslav workers.*!

In grappling with the question whether in Yugoslavia you have a :
‘Peaceful Transition from Socialism to Capitalism’, Huberman and -
Sweezy observe that:

anyone who is put in a position where his aim is necessarily to make
profits, and whose well-being and advancement are dependent on the
extent to which he succeeds in making profits, is bound to be
dominated, in both his mentality and his morality, by the logic of profit-
making. And a society in which nearly everyone is put in such a

position — individual peasants and craftsmen are no exceptions — is
not one in which socialist ideals and values have any relevance or
meaning. 2

Socialist management of industry obviously is by and large
something still to be realised. The capitalist legacy is of course part
of the explanation of the problems that inhibit this realisation, but
various traits of leadership and organisation within the socialist
block as well as the still low level of the development of the
productive forces in some of the socialist states militate against the
development of collective and democratic management.

Even in a country as characterised by mass action and in-
volvement as Cuba these problems have become a stumbling
block to development as a whole. It is the lack of properly con-
stituted democratic organs in the economic field that made it im-
possible for the country to reach her ‘ten million tons’ sugar target.
Fidel Castro subsequently stated that the most important thing for
the Cuban people was ‘the democratisation of the revolutionary
process’.

. . . problems cannot be solved in a revolutionary society through ad-
ministrative methods. If socialism does not spring from the masses, it

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