NOTES 815

5$ Hispaniola, Espagnola, Läittle Spain, was the name given to
Hayti by Columbus; see p. 277.

59 In classical Latin the Greek term yopa is represented by scabies,
which is always used by Celsus.

6o Paul of Aegina, 7th cent. 4. p., is frequently quoted by Arab
writers. He wrote on elephantiasis, alphi, alopecia and other skin
diseases and the plague. In Book II he says that elephantiasis is
as contagious as the plague. He wrote a systematic discussion of
the therapeutic value of baths and mineral waters for a variety of
maladies. 'Translation by Francis Adams, 7TAhe Sew»en Books of
Paulus Aegineta, 3 vols., London, 1844. See above, Dedication,
pP. B.

6:(Galen's treatise «æeol rGQr» «mrap& Q0cü» öy«&or, De Tumoribus
praeter Naturam, 'On Abnormal 'Tumors', was written between
169 and 180 ^. p., and is the earliest known monograph on skin
diseases. 'The use of the word öy«os (lit. mass) with the meaning
'tumor' seems to date from him, at any rate it was not used by
Hippocrates.

6: For lichen see pp. 181, 183.

6: Pliny, Natural History XXVI. 7—8. The biographers of Fra—
castorius agree that this book was constantly in his hands. But,
as may be seen from the footnotes to the Latin text, his quotation
of Pliny here seems to have been from memory. He omits the
clause stating that the skin became black and adhered to the
flesh even to the bones."? The other variations from the original
are unimportant. Pliny goes on to say that elephantiasis "yvery
soon became extinect in Italy, and ever the name has been con—
signed to oblivion, as happened too in the case of the disease which
the ancients called gemursa, which caused swellings between the
tioeï,",., Celsus III. 25, De elephantia, says it is "almost unknown in

taly'.

64 I. e. Greek writers later than Hippocrates, who, according to
Richter, never uses the word elephantiasis. 'The Latin poet Lucre—
tius, De Natura Rerum 6. 1114, says ^Elephas is a disease which
occurs by the waters of the Nile, in the heart of Egypt, and nowhere
else"?. Elephantiasis was often called 'Arabian leprosy'.

6s This is his only use of the word 'pus.^  But it seems likely that,
sometimes, by sanies, which I translate 'matter! or by mucor,
'(mucus', he may mean true pus, which had been defined by Celsus
as very thick, white, and slimier than sanies.

66 Satyriasis, 'the disease of satyrs', who were supposed to be exces—
sively lascivious. It is described by Aristotle De Generafione, 768b.
The reference to paintings of satyrs is taken from Galen, On
Tumors, Ch. 14.

67 Archigenes of Apamea in Syria, born about 54 4. p., practised
at Rome in the reign of Trajan and is mentioned as a typical physi—
cian by Juvenal, Safire 13.98. He was much used by Galen; he
wrote on Elephantiasis and achores, cosmetics and hair—dyes; in