xxxviii INTRODUCTION

as it turned out, for in the end the power of the Papacy was
ereatly strengthened by that Council. When he saw that it
was inevitable, he schemed in vain to have it held in a city farth—
er from the Emperor's influence than Trent, if not at Rome then
at least at Bologna, but he had to yield to the Emperor, and on
December 13th, 1545, the Counecil was formally opened at Trent.
As medical advisers to the Council he appointed two physicians,
Balduino Balduini, private physician to Cardinal del Monte,
who was President of the Council and later became Pope Julius
III, and Fracastorius.  The latter!s appointment was due partly
to the fact that Madrucci, Cardinal Bishop of Trent, was his
friend and patient,' partly to the Pope's grandson, Cardinal
Farnese to whom CorWZagion is dedicated. In the prose dedica—
tion (1546) Fracastorius says that the young Cardinal had proved
a generous patron to him before they had ever met, and this
may be a reference to his appointment to the Counecil in 1545. On
his way to Trent in August 1546, the Cardinal fell ill at Rovereto,
and Fracastorius hastened to that place to attend him. Prob—
ably they met then for the first time. But earlier in that sum—
mer he had received a signal proof of the favor of the Farnese
family in an order promulgated in Italian by the Vatican, July,
1546.2 This is addressed to the members of the Council, and
enjoins that, in passing through Veronese territory,—the route
of the Italian delegates lay near the villa of Fracastorius,—
€they are not to molest or damage in any way, but to have all
respect for, the villa d/Incaffi near Caveglione, which belongs
to the excellent Messer Hieronimo Fracastoro, physician of that
Council.. . .This will please His Holiness and the younger Ales—
sandro Farnese", i. e. the Cardinal.

From the first the Pope, through the Italian delegates, dom—
inated the deliberations of the Council, and though he could
not evade the wishes of the Emperor that religious reform with—
in the Catholic Church should be discussed as & counterblast to
the German Reformers, who refused to attend the Council, in
the seven sessions that followed more time was devoted to dogma,
as the Pope preferred. Nor did Paul III give up the hope of
transferring the Council to a city more directly under Italian

: It is said that while in attendance at Trent he stayed in the
house of Cardinal Madrucci.

2 This order is extant in the Vatican Archives, Vol.XL. I quote
from Marini, Archiatri Pontifici, Rome, 1784, Vol. II. p. 290.