69 GENERAL. CONCLUSIONS. of the sand, a less quantity of which is required to give the same supporting power. It will be apparent that much of this work can be done by the systems of flushing already in service at the several mining plants, and that in order to accomplish the best results in the most economical manner, the plans of the city mine-cave protective commission must be made in harmony with the already established systems of the mining companies. It is manifest that all underground work should be done in cooperation with the coal companies and that the water flushed into the mines must be pumped by the plants already installed, with such additional equipment as may be found necessary. Therefore, this matter of harmonious plans and procedure between the coal companies, the city, the school authorities, and the public is essential to the successful carrying out of any relief measures that are herein or may be hereafter suggested. It is a fact that should be evident to all that the prosperity of the city and the community is to a large extent dependent upon the coal companies, so that drastic laws or regulations that may curtail the mining of coal will necessarily react on the prosperity of the community, whereas any ameliorating plans or compromises which it may be possible to effect between the city and the mining companies tend to prolong the life of the mining industry in Scranton and vicinity, and should be promoted. It should, therefore, be the aim of all persons interested in mine-cave protective measures and of the companies operating the mines to adopt plans that will best conserve the welfare of all concerned. The expenditure for the work would, of course, be distributed over many years, the relief measures being applied at the points most in need of protection and as rapidly as proper arrangements could be effected and the necessary details, surveys, etc., prepared. For the business-like carrying out of the plans suggested, it is recommended that a protective commission be established, consisting of not less than three nor more than five men representing the city authorities, the school board, and the coal companies; this commission to have full and complete authority for the execution of the plans, after approval by the proper legal action. The commission should employ an engineer as active manager of the work, who should devote all his time to the service. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. In concluding this somewhat lengthy report, we are of the following opinion: First. Speaking broadly, the surface of the city can be supported by the methods recommended, and at a cost not in any sense prohibitory when considered with relation to the value of the property and the activities for which support is absolutely essential.