1184

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN.

June 22, 1917.

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ABSTRACTS OF PATENT SPECIFICATIONS
RECENTLY ACCEPTED.

106045. I m provements in Miners' Safety Lamps. J. H.
Bothwell and J. Roberts, both of Sindsley Works, Swinton,
Lancaster.—This invention relates to improvements in
miners’ safety lamps of the bonneted Clanny type, in which
the wire gauze cylinder (or cylinders) is surrounded by an
outer metal shield or bonnet, and particularly to lamps of
this class in which two glass cylinders are employed, placed
concentrically to form an annular air passage, the air for
combustion passing to the wick through an air chamber
surrounding the burner. In one lamp of this type the air
passing down between the two glasses has been admitted
to the burner through an air chamber having concentric
perforated walls, the inner glass being in the form of a
chimney with a conical metal extension into the upper
gauze cylinder or cap. The improvements consist essen-
tially in an improved construction of air chamber of metal
with a coned or domed top and perforated side walls,
through which the air, admitted for combustion through
the apertures in the lamp frame above the upper lamp ring,
and flowing downward through the annular space between
the two glass cylinders, passes through the perforations in
the double side walls to the burner to support combustion.
The improvements further comprise the use, in combina-
tion with this air chamber,
of an air divider, consist-
ing of a short metal chim-
ney with a slotted or per-
forated flange or base plate
placed over the annular
space between the two
glasses. The drawing is an
elevation, half in section, of
the aforesaid miners’ safety
lamp fitted with these im-
provements. The improved
lamp consists of the follow-
ing well-known parts, viz.,
an oil reservoir a, to which
is screwed the bottom ring
b of the lamp frame, the
two parts being secured by
the locking device c. The
pillars d fixed in the bot-
tom ring b carry the upper
ring e (provided with air
inlets c1) and the metal
shield or bonnet /, which
in this case is shown with a
deflector g closing the,
annular space between the
bonnet f and the outer
wire gauze cylinder h, so

as to compel in the known manner the air entering through
the inlets e1 to pass through the gauze cylinders h and i,
and so to the burner, instead of flowing directly upwards
and out through the outlets /' for the products of combus-
tion. There may be only a single gauze cylinder, or two
as shown, or more than two if required, and the gauze
cylinders may be supported as shown, or in any other con-
venient manner. The air admitted for combustion passes
downward through the annular space between the two
glasses j, y1, and in the usual course through perforations
in a part, such as the gauze-covered wall of the aforesaid
known type, directly to the burner m. which is furnished
with a pricker n for adjusting the wick o in the ordinary
way. For the purposes of this invention, there is substi-
tuted for the ordinary thumb screw or screwed collar by
which the burner m is secured in position, a combined
thumb screw and open-ended perforated cylinder p. The
top of this perforated cylinder p is made to fit closely into
a domed or coned top 71, formed on a part 7, and so com-
pletes the air chamber by shutting off the air at‘the point
71, while the lower part is formed to screw into the oil
reservoir a and secure the burner m in position. The top
part 7‘ is provided with perforations l~, as shown, and it
may either be formed in one piece with the lower part or
following-up ring 7. When the lamp is lighted, air to sup-
port coinbustion enters through the inlets e1, passes
through the gauze cylinders h and i, through the slots qY in
the dividing plate q down the annular space between the
two glasses j, y1, through the perforations 72 in the part 7
into the air chamber, being deflected downward by the
shaped closed top 71, and forced through the perforations
,;T in the cylinder p to the short burner m and wick o. The
burner m 'terminates about | in. below the top of the
cylinder yg and in a short time, as the perforated metal
walls of the air chamber get hot, the fresh air for com-
bustion is warmed before it reaches the burner, with the
result that the lighting power of the lamp is greatly
increased. The' products of combustion flow upward
through the inner glass cylinder y1 and chimney k, by
whiclfthey are divided from the incoming air, and finally
escape through the outlets (Three claims.)

1( 6077. 1improvements in Liquid Fuel Furnaces. F. W.
Cotterill Limited, Atlas Works, Darlaston, Stafford; and
G. R. West, 5, Westbourne-road, Darlaston, and J.
Spencer, 522, Old Pleck-road, Walsall.—This invention has
reference to liquid fuel furnaces for various purposes, but
particularly to such as are u&ed for heating iron and steel
bars in the manufacture of nuts and bolts, or for making-
drop stampings or forgings. The drawing is a side eleva-
tion partly in section of a liquid fuel furnace for heating
bars for forming nuts and bolts. The furnace proper
adapted for use "with this invention is preferably built as
an open topped heating chamber 1, closed by the usual
removable slab 2, in which is the waste heat outlet 3, the
side walls 4 of the heating chamber being built of the
usual perforated bricks for the admission of the bars to be
heated. The blast elbow fitting 5 and burner nozzle 6 are
fixed at one end of the furnace with the nozzle 6 projecting
into the brickwork of the same and arranged between this
heating nozzle 6 and the heating chamber 1 there is a small
combustion chamber 7, in which partial combustion of the
gases takes place before
entering the heating cham-
ber 1. At the top of this
combustion chamber 7 there
is a lighting hole 8, closed
by a loose brick 9. The
pipe supplying pre-heated
oil to the burner nozzle 6 is

■ marked 20. The said
auxiliary hot air blast
which is provided in accord-
ance with this invention, is
supplied through an auxi-
liary hot air blast pipe 10

arranged and fixed in the end of the furnace immediately
opposite the burner 6, and is connected to the elbow fitting
11 fitted with a regulating cock 12, which by the blast pipe

13 can conveniently be connected to the branch pipe 14
from the blast heating chamber 15, to which blast is sup-
plied by the pipe 16, said chamber 15 being heated by the
waste heat from the heating chamber through the top
outlet 3. The blast heating chamber 15 per se forms no
part of the present invention. The same heating chamber
15 has a branch 17 and blast pipe 18, with a regulating
cock 19 supplying the necessary blast to the burner nozzle
6. Thus the auxiliary hot air blast entering the furnace
through the blast pipe 10 is directed against the flames
coming into the heating chamber from the burner nozzle
6. and enables the heat to be regulated and distributed
in thet furnace, and also forms a supply of hot secondary
air which is thoroughly mixed with the gases in combus-
tion in the furnace, so that thorough combustion ensues.
(Two claims.)

106121. Process for Carbonising Peat. C. Whitfield,
Victoria Works, Kettering.—The object of this invention
is to provide an improved apparatus especially adapted for
use in the production of acetic acid. Within the upper
part of the carbonising chamber a is fitted a series of
revolving plates b, b, and fixed scrapers c, c, the former
being carried by a central shaft d and the latter (one of
which lies immediately above each plate) being adjustably
and removably carried by the sides of the producer. The
revolving shaft d extends to the upper end of the pro-
ducer, and is there fitted with a bevel wheel e. Meshing
with such wheel is a further wheel f carried by a hori-
zontal driving shaft. In each revolving plate b, b, is an
aperture (or apertures) b1, through which any material on
the plate falls on meeting the fixed scraper c of such plate.
Further, the apertures in the plates are arranged so that,
as the material falls through the aperture of one plate, it
falls on to a blank part of the plate below, and is carried
round by such lower plate for a considerable portion of a
revolution before falling on to the next lower plate. Upon
falling through the aperture (or apertures) of the bottom
revolving plate, the material, fully carbonised, may fall on
to a fixed solid plate g. In some cases the plate g may
be omitted, and the carbonised material may fall to the
bottom of the producer, from whence it will be pediodically
removed. In the top of the producer is the hopper h for
admitting the material to be treated, and at the upper end
of the carbonising chamber is an outlet i for the distilled
vapours. The bevel gearing will be protected by a
housing j. In the lower part of the producer is a fire
grate, or, by preference, a gas burner k, supplied with gas
and air under pressure. The gas and air supply pipes will
be provided with taps, so that the heat may be readily con-
trolled. The position of the gas burner (or fire grate) rela-
tively to the bottom revolving plate (or the character of the
fire or flame) will be such that only the gaseous products
of combustion can reach the material to be carbonised. The
lower part of the carbonising chamber will be closed against
the ingress of free oxygen in order that the products of
combustion shall be of a neutral or reducing character. The
cooling apparatus comprises a down shaft m and an up
shaft n supported on a tank o and a down shaft p leading
to the tank q. Overflow pipes r and s lead to a tank (not
shown), from which the condensed steam and watery
vapours are circulated by means of the pump t through the
coil v and pipes w, x. 2 is a rotary washer or sprinkler,
through which the hot gases pass on their way from ’the
tank 7 to the outlet 3, when they are collected and used
as desired. In the up shaft n are vanes 4, on to which
water from the cock 5 on the pipe 4 is allowed to drop.

With /the material to be treated fed into the producer, it
falls upon the uppermost revolving plate b, from which it
it is swept by the fixed scraper c of such plate through the
aperture bl of the plate. Falling on the next plate b
below, the material is sjyept off by the scraper c of such
plate on to the next plate b below, and so on with each
succeeding plate, until the material, fully carbonised,
finally drops on to the said lower fixed plate g, or into the
lower part of the producer from whence it may be with-
drawn. As the material moves down (as indicated by the
full line arrows),'the distillates (as indicated by the broken
line arrows) are carried upwards by the products of com-
bustion, and away through the outlet i. Owing to the pro-
ducts of combustion gradually losing their sensible heat,
and being of either a neutral or reducing character, no
combustion of the material itself takes place, and as the
temperature is gradually falling those distillates, which
evaporate at a low temperature, are not affected detriment-
ally. As the material passes from plate to plate, it is
spread out over a large area, and is gradually heated by
the products of combustion. Similarly, the products of
combustion and the distillates meet the cooler material, as
they pass to the outlet i. In this way the highest yield of
distillates is obtained at a comparatively low temperature.
(Two claims.)

106136. Improvements in Elevated Rope Railways. W.
Hinsen, city of Cat Spring, Austin County, Texas, U.S.A.
—This invention relates to improvements in elevated rope
railways having a plurality of towers and girders supported
thereby. The present invention consists of angular depend-
ing supports carried by the girders and formed in their
free or lower extremities with longitudinally extending
grooves, sockets having base portions adapted to fit snugly
in the grooved portions of said supports, and formed with
bulged lateral portions forming oppositely disposed
shoulders, and grooved spans formed with integral depend-
ing balls movably disposed in the said sockets, whereby
said spans are supported for movement in a vertical plane,
said movement being limited by contact of said spans with
said shoulders. The drawing is an end elevation of an
elevated rope railway embodying the invention, and show-
ing a lift or elevator associated therewith. Fig. 5 is a
front view of one of a number of suitable supporting wheels
by which the railway cars are ca.rried. The elevated rail-
way shown comprises a plurality of towers 1 disposed upon
concrete or similar bases 2, and certain towers throughout

the line are provided with vertical guides 3, in which an
elevator 4 is disposed that is raised and lowered by means
of a motor 5 and cables 6 to communicate with a passenger
platform 7 from which access
to the railway carriages 8 may
be had, and each tower sup-
ports transverse girders 9. Ac-
cording to the invention, the
girders 9 carry depending angu-
lar supports 10, the free or
lower terminations of which are
grooved longitudinally at 19,
and carry ball and socket
supports 11, 12, that support
the grooved spans 13, in which
the cables 14 are carried, -upon
which cables known or con-
venient grooved wheels 15 run
that are connected by axles 16

that carry suitable car supports 17 for the railway carriages
8. The improved sockets 12 are formed with bases 18
adapted to snugly occupy the grooved portions 19 of the
supports 10, and said sockets are formed with bulged
lateral portions forming oppositely disposed shoulders 20,
which serve as abutments and positive supports for the
spans 13 when in inclined position, thereby ensuring a
smooth and even movement of the car over the cables.
Each car 8 may be provided with suitable propelling
mechanism,' with which the invention has nothing to do,
and with all conveniences for passengers or for freight as
desired. The sockets 12 are each made in more than one
piece to enable the balls 11 to be placed in position, and
the parts of the sockets are secured to one another in any
suitable manner. Spans 13 supported as previously
described can be provided directly opposite each tower 1,
and the ball and socket feature of the same enables rail-
way carriages to pass over said supports without jar or
jolt, the span inclining toward the railway carriage as it
approaches, and again in the direction of the carriage as
it leaves the span, preventing any sagging of the cable
track at or adjacent to the span and any perceptible vibra-
tion as the car wheels run over the portion of the cable
directly supported by the span. The parts 1 to 9 and 14
to 17 form no part of the invention, and are given by way
of example only.

106225. An Apparatus for Teaching Mine Gas Testing.
L. H. Lewis, Dogsbrook House, Saron, near Ammanford,
Carmarthenshire.—The accompanying sketch illustrates the
apparatus, a, a1 in sketch are the two rollers, to which the
colour printed strip of paper is attached ; these two rollers
reach from above the upper end, and penetrate through the
lower end of the cardboard box. The
strip of paper which is showing 2^ per
cent, in this sketch, has seven images
of gas caps colour printed on it,
ranging from 1 to 4 per cent. By
cutting a piece out of the front side
of the box, as shown, there will be
only one image showing at a time.

So by turning roller a1 with the fore-

finger and thumb in a right-handed direction, the 2 per
cent, image will come into view, and so on down to 1 per
cent. By turning roller a, again with the fore-finger and
thumb, in a left-handed direction, the 3 per cent, image
will come into view, and so on up to 4 per cent., which is
the limit that can be seen by looking through the glass of
an ordinary (improved Clanny) lamp, using ordinary
(colza and paraffin) oil. (Two claims.)

NEW PATENTS CONNECTED WITH THE
COAL AND IRON TRADES.

Applications for Patents.

[Note.—Applications arranged alphabetically under the
names of the applicants (communicators in parentheses).
A new number will be given on acceptance, which will
replace the application number.]

Aster Engineering Company. Internal combustion
engines. (8562)

Atherton, C. A. Dynamo electric generators. (8551)
Baker, AV. H. Internal combustion engines. (8426)
Bax, W. J. Internal combustion engines. (8426)
Benjamin, H. Internal combustion engines. (8540)
Bertelli, D. C. A. Internal combustion turbine. (8432)
Breeden, C. L. Dynamo electric machines. (8468, 8622)
Brown, R. J. Wainwright-. Internal combustion engines,
etc. (8421)

Clarke, Chapman and Company. Winches. (8412)
Clench, E. C. S. Internal combustion engines. (8562)
Greedy, F. Phase transformers or converters. (8634)
Etchells, H. Method of converting iron orc.: directly into
steel. (8366)

Garson, T., Nagelstad-. Cranes. (8530)

Gath, T. P. Process of operating prime movers. (8642)
Greaves, H. A. Method of converting iron ores directly
into steel. (8366)

Gribble, T. G. Pit prop. (8494)

Hirst, H. J. Electrical safety alarm for water gauges of
boilers. (8463)

Hoyle, J. K. Aerial ropeways. * (8595)

lonides, A. C. • Furnace temperature regulation. (8623)
Kirby, J. I. Forming blocks from coal slack, etc. (86 ,A
Liquid Purification Company. Process for production of
sulphite and sulphate of ammonia from gases and
ammoniacal liquids. (8689)

Ljusne-Woxna Aktiebolag. Internal combustion engines.
(8537)

Lucas, H. Dynamo electric machines. (8468, 8622)

Lymn, A. H. Ammonia recovery producer gas process,
and apparatus therefor. (8461)

Lynam, F. J. Internal combustion engines. (8455)
Mackadam, A. C. F. Internal combustion engines. (8540)
Maclaurin, R. Separating low temperature tars into com-
ponents without distillation. (8603)

Moore, H. E. Dynamo electric machines. (8622)
Morrison, A. Internal combustion engines. (8624)
Morrison, W. Internal combustion engines. (8624)
Motion, R. Hopper discharging apparatus. (8671)
Pamment, J. G. Internal combustion engines. (8540)
Perkin, F. M. Destructive distillation of carbonaceous
materials. (8337)

Radley, J. Pistons for engine, etc., cylinders. (8456)
Rambush, N. E. Ammonia recovery producer gas process,
and apparatus therefor. (8461)

Redington, T. F. Automatic couplings for railway, etc.,
vehicles. (8599)

Rollason, A. Combined tilting and reversible open-hearth
melting furnace and converter. (8653)

Ross, S. J. Forced draught arrangements for steam
boilers. (8696)

(Continued on page 1186.)