1058

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN.

June 2, 1916.

ABSTRACTS OF PATENT SPECIFICATIONS
RECENTLY ACCEPTED.

5258 (1915). Improvements in Boiler Flue Blowers jcr
Removing Soot. J. Bennett, of 1943, West 58th Street,
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.—Relates to steam jet boiler tube
blowers in which a horizontal steam pipe provided with jet
nozzles extends across the smoke box or breeching of the
boiler and .is connected with a rotary feed pipe by short
branches or arms and rotated about the axis of the pipe to
direct the. steam into different horizontal rows of tubes in
succession. According to the invention a second series of jets
is located near the bottom of the smoke box or breeching and
cause a vertical draft, the object being to create a complete
circulation through the flue tubes, combustion chamber and
smoke box. Rig. 1 is a transverse section of a stationary boiler
showing the flue cleaning jets 'and also the mode of operation
of the device; and fig. 2 is a longitudinal section. A repre-
sents a tubular boiler B the smoke box or breeching at the
front of the boiler, and E the boiler tubes through which the
heated gases from the grate are returned to the front of the
boiler and smoke box, and thence directly to the smoke
stack, or through a flue containing heating tubes. Within
the sipoke box of a stationary boiler or the breeching of a
marine boiler is the swinging tubular frame G which con-
stitutes the blower by means of which strong jets of steam
can be blown through the boiler tubes from the front to the
rear. This jet also has the effect of projecting large volumes
of air through the flues and drives out all sooty accumulations
in these tubes, and deposits in the combustion chamber
behind the boiler and grate. This device comprises a rotary
tube g into which live steam is fed, and communicating with
the tube g is shown a parallel jet tube g1, in which jets g2, g2
are placed at regular intervals. The parallel tubes are
attached together so that the tube g1 swings in an arc, -and
can be made to direct the steam into one horizontal row of
tubes after the other as the tube g is rotated. In addition to
the steam jets -directed into the tubes in turn, an upwardly
directed current of steam 'and hot air is produced in the smoke
box or breeching by means of which a strong outward suction
draught is obtained through the remaining boiler tubes,
which, acting in conjunction with the inwardly directed

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the connections are also

the risk of accident as

draught through some of the tubes, completes a circulation
from the front of the boiler to the rear thereof towards the
combustion chamber through some of the flues and thence
returning to the front of the boiler through the remaining
flues. In.this manner the products of combustion are pre-
vented from being deposited and accumulating in the com-
bustion chamber and are also prevented, from accumulating in
the bottom of the smoke box. (Two claims.)

5323 (1915). Improvements in Miners' Electric Safety
Lamps. J. G. Patterson, of 49, Reddish-lane, Gorton, near
Manchester.—Relates to improvements in miners’ electric
safety lamps, and has for its object to provide certain
improvements chiefly concerning the arrangement of the
top 'and bottom lamp contacts in lamps of the kind in which
an intermediate or “ festoon ” lamp bulb is arranged
between top and bottom contacts and reflectors, the lower
contact being spring controlled so that should the bulb be
broken the circuit will be interrupted. The figure is a
sectional elevation of a portion
of a lamp showing the lamp
contacts. A pair of plunger
or other projecting contacts a are
provided in the lamp cage b
and these are electrically con-
nected respectively to a helical
spring c forming the bottom
contact of the lamp, and to an
overhanging post or arm d form-
ing the top contact of the
lamp, both contacts being inde-
pendent of the lamp casing.
Between these contacts is an
intermediate electric bulb or
lamp e of the festoon type,
which allows advantage to be
taken of top and bottom reflec-
tors f and g respectively, so that
not only is the horizontal light
increased, but also the lighting
area is greater. Also as the
bulb e has contacts at each end
should the bulb be broken
immediately broken and thus

obviated. Either a glass cylinder or a dome glass may be
used to surround the lamp e as may be preferred, and the
lamp cage b may be attached to the container h by means
of a bayonet joint or a screwed joint so as to permit of
partial relative rotation of the parts to make and break the
lamp circuit. (Two claims.)

5356 (1915). Improvements in Feed Water Heaters. W.
Schmidt, of 2, Rolandstrasse, Cassel-Wilhelmshohe, Ger-
many.—Relates to the type of feed water heater in which,
into the steam collecting and water supply chambers
respectively, heater tubes of relatively small diameter as
compared with the diameter of the chambers, open directly.
The heater tubes of relatively small diameter opening
directly into said chambers 'are each connected to a plurality
of similar tubes by which the passage of fluid from one





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chamber to the other is permitted. Referring to the draw-
ings, two or more tubes, a (three in fig. 1), are united at
their ends by means of collecting boxes b and b1. Each box
is connected to the steam collector d, or water collector d1,
by means of only one tube c or c1. This construction allows
the tubes a between the collecting boxes to be set very close
together so as to provide a large heating surface in a com-
paratively narrow flue. The pitch of the tubes c 'and c1 is a
multiple of the pitch of the tubes a. The wads of the steam
and water collectors are therefore weakened only to a slight
extent by the holes for the tubes, because the tubes are
arranged comparatively far apart so that the walls may be
made of comparatively thin plates. Eig. 2 is another form
of the connection b of the tubes a with the tube c. In start-
ing up the boiler, the heating gases may be led directly from
the generator into the feed heater by opening a damper. The
upper connecting tubes c of the feed heater are made long, so
that the heating gases spread uniformly in the wide inter-
stices between the tubes c before they enter the narrow bank
of tubes a. Further, since the greater part of the deposit of
boiler scale takes place only after the water has been con-
siderably preheated, by making the tubes c of sufficient
length the greater part of the deposition takes place in them,
as the deposit may be more readily removed from the tubes
c than from the tubes a. The connections b and bl are
staggered relatively to one another vertically. The two tubes
a which are united to- one tube c are situated behind each
other as viewed along the length of the collectors, in order
that the collectors shall be weakened as little as possible in
the highly-stressed longitudinal seam, by the holes for the
tubes c. (Three claims.)

6789 (1915). Improvements in Feed Water Heating
Apparatus. D. B. Morison, of Hartlepool Engine Works,
Hartlepool, Durham.—Relates to heating apparatus of the
kind in which steam is utilised for heating boiler feed water,
the heater being constructed of such heating capacity in
.relation to the available supply of heating steam that a con-
stant pressure and temperature is approximately maintained
therein, the outlet for excess steam from the heater being
placed at a point remote from the steam inlet to the heater.
The excess of steam is discharged from the heater to the
receiver of a reciprocating steam engine or to a section of a
steam turbine through a pipe which is connected to the cut-
let above referred to, the excess steam so discharged causing
the steam which enters the heater to flow through the heater
in such a manner that air is prevented from accumulating
therein. The-heater a, which is of the tubular surface type,

is provided with a steam inlet pipe b, and an excess steam
outlet pipe c, a suitably loaded valve e being provided for the
purpose of maintaining the desired pressure in the heater.
The condensed water from the heater is discharged through
the valve g. In this figure the heater is divided into two
compartments by a division plate /, and the outlet for the
excess steam is placed in the second compartment at a point
which is remote in the direction of steam flow from the
steam inlet pipe b, the excess steam flowing into the low
pressure section of a turbine d; but a single compartment
heater in which the excess steam outlet is placed remote from
the steam inlet, the excess steam flowing to the receiver of a
low pressure cylinder of a reciprocating engine, may also be
used. A valve h may be connected to the excess steam dis-
charge pipe c as indicated in dotted lines, so that the steam
or portion thereof may be caused to flow through the valve h
into a condenser. (Two claims.)

14780 (1915). Improvements in Instruments for Survey-
ing Drill Holes. C. B. Galvin, of Cornwall-on-the-Hudson,
New York, U.S.A.—Relates to an instrument for surveying
drill holes of the kind provided with a carrier adapted to be
inserted in the drill hole to follow the contour’ thereof, a

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holder on the.said carrier adapted to hold a sensitive film, a
member movable in front of the said film, photographic means
mounted in the carrier for photographically producing an
image of the said movable member on the film, the position
of the image on the film determining the deviation of the
carrier in the drill hole, and a normally inactive source of
light for the said photographic means. Fig. 1 is a diagram-
matic view showing the method of producing the image and
the line of collimation; fig. 2 is a face view of the image pro-
duced photographically; fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the
same; fig. 4 is a sectional side elevation of the upper portion;
and fig. 5 a similar view of the lower portion, of the instru-
ment. The instrument is mounted on a suitably constructed
tubular carrier 10, preferably made flexible, and adapted to
be inserted into the drill hole to follow the deviation thereof.
The carrier 10 is preferably made of an upper section 11, a
middle section 12, and a lower section 13, the sections being
screwed together. The upper section 11 is connected at its
upper end by a coupling plug 14, with a drill rod 15, or other
means for lowering the instrument into the drill hole or with-
drawing it therefrom, and the lower section 13 is yieldingly
connected with a drill rod 16, as hereinafter more fully
explained. On the under side of the coupling plug 14 is
arranged a central pin 17 adapted to pass through a sensitised
film or sheet 18 of disc form, resting on the under side of
the plug 14. The sensitised film 18 may be provided with
concentric and radial lines or with intersecting lines to divide
the face of the film into small portions. A ring 19 fits
snugly in the section 11, and its upper edge abuts against
the edge of the film 18 to hold the latter securely in place
on the plug 14, and the bottom edge of the ring 19 engages a
transparent disc 20 extending transversely in the carrier
section 11 to form with the ring 19 and the plug 14 a
chamber containing a movable member 22 in the form of a
ball adapted to travel on
the disc 20 whenever the
carrier deviates from a
vertical position. The
ball 22 is of opaque
material, and its image

23	is photographically
produced on the sensi-
tised film 18 by the use
of photographic means,'
arranged as follow :—In
the upper end of the
lower section 13 of the
carrier 10 is arranged a
normally dormant source
of light 24, preferably in
the form of an electric
lamp, and directly above
this source of light 24 is
arranged an optical con-
denser 25, above which
is located a reticule 26,
containing cross hairs 27,
and fastened by screws
or other means 28 in
position in the lower end
of the middle carrier
section 12, as plainly
shown in fig. 5. The
cross hairs 27 may be
arranged radially or in
sets of intersecting ones,
or in the form of con-
centric hairs. An objec-
tive 29 is mounted in the
upper end of the carrier
section 12, and hence
when the source of light

24	is rendered active,
then the rays of light
from this source of light
pass by way of the con-
denser 25, reticle 26, and
objective 29, through the
disc 20, to form an

image 23 of the movable member 22 on the sensitised film 18,
together with an image of the cross hairs 27. It will be
noticed that by the arrangement described the image 23 pro-
duced on the sensitised film 1'8, together with the image of
the cross hairs, disclose the deviation of the carrier from the
vertical. Instead of using a movable ball 22, use may be
made of a suspended plumb-bob 30, attached centrally to the
disc 20, so that the plumb-bob 30 swings to one side when-
ever the carrier deviates from a vertical position, and when
the photographic means, now in reversed position in the
carrier, are rendered active, as above described, then an image
32 of the member 30 is produced on the sensitised film 18.
The lines 33, 34, indicate the field of the image, and line 35
represents the line of collimation. The lines 36, indicated
in figs. 2 and 3, represent the image of the cross hairs, and
portions of this image appear on the sensitised film 18, thus
enabling the user to readily find the deviation of the drill
hole. The perpendicular from the image of the intersection
of the cross hairs 36 to the diameter passing vertically in
fig. 3 through the centre of the image 23, and perpendicular
from said image to the diameter passing horizontally in fig. 3
through the centre of the image 23, indicate the deviation
from the vertical in directions at right angles to one another;
in other words, the co-ordinates of the point of intersection
are indicated graphically. The electric lamp 24 is fed from a
battery in the lower section 13 of the carrier 10, and prefer-
ably in the form of a number of connected cells 40, 41, and
42, of Which the upper cell has its carbon electrode 43 in con-
tact with one electrode of the lamp 24, the other electrode of
the lamp being connected by way of its socket with a support
44 in contact with the metallic section 13 of the carrier 10.
The zinc electrodes 45 of the cells 40, 41, and 42, are held in
shells or a lining 46 of insulating material fitting against the
inner face of the section 13. The bottom of the zinc elec-
trode 45 of the lowermost cell 42 is adapted to be engaged’ by
the free end of a spring 47, held on the head 48 of a plunger
49, mounted to slide in a suitable stuffing box 50 attached to
the lower end of the lower carrier section 13. The lower
threaded end 51 of the plunger 49 is screwed into a coupling
52 screwed on the upper end of the drill rod 16, and on the
coupling 52 rests the lower end of a spring 53 abutting with
its upper end against the underside of the stuffing box 50.
Thus the spring 53 normally holds the plunger 49 in lower-
most position, but when the instrument is lowered in the drill
hole, and the lower end of the drill rod 16 strikes the bottom
of the drill hole, then the carrier by its weight moves further
downward on the now stationary plunger 49, so that the
spring 53 is compressed, and the spring 47 is moved into
contact with the zinc electrode 45 of the lowermost cell 42