October 8, 1915.

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN.

745

of coke when discharged coining into contact for the whole
of its length with the chute. It consists in a machine in
which the coke cake throughout its entire length is received
by an enclosed chamber mounted on a machine adapted to
convey the coke cake from an oven or retort to a discharging
apparatus, the said enclosed chamber comprising a bottom
plate and a movable hood, which, on being suitably shifted
in respect to the bottom plate, again discharges the coke cake.
A chute is preferably provided to receive the discharged coke,
and by means of which it is conveyed to its destination, or

FI0.1

g|!

FIG.2

the coke is roughly broken on the chute and conveyed by a
belt conveyor and a bucket elevator to the dumping place or
the like for despatch. The chute may be provided at its
front end with perforations, so as to permit the removal
of any surplus water during re-quenching, as well as of small
coke or coke dust which may be formed during this process.
At this point, i.e., at the front end of the chute, are formed
spouts which are adapted to move vertically, and are so
arranged that when in their lowest position they form escapes
leading to the conveyor belt, whereas, when the aforesaid
spouts are raised, these escapes are automatically closed. The
hood of the machine is so suspended that it may rock about
its longitudinal axis, so that on a slight turning or rocking
movement, the coke will be removed from the bottom of the
machine. Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the improved machine
placed in front of the coke oven or retorts; and fig. 2 is a
sectional plan thereof. (Seven claims.)

6994 (1915). Improvements in Pulsating Screens. E. B.
Symons, of 605, Majestic Buildings, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
U.S.A.—Relates to means for preventing independent trans-
verse vibration, and in addition means for maintaining the
screen taut at all times and under all conditions. Fig. 1 is
a plan view with parts removed; fig. 2 is a section along
line 2—2 of fig. 1; and fig. 3 is a section along line 3—3 of
fig. 1. With the parts .in the assembled position as indicated
in the drawing, the housing or casing is first substantially
filled with heavy oil or liquid grease. The machine is then
started, the cam rotating in the direction of the arrow.
As the cam rotates the block or pillow F6 will move rapidly
inward toward the centre of the cam shaft until the point
x has been reached. It will then gradually be forced out
until it reaches the point y. It will then rapidly return to
the inside position until the point z is reached. This process
will continue as long as the cam is rotated. The angular
distance traversed between the points x z and z v is sub-

stantially twiice as great as the angular distance traversed
between the points k x and y z, so that the upward movement
caused by the spring will be twice as rapid as the downward
movement against the spring caused by the rotation of the
cam. The rotation of the cam will, of course, rock the rock
shaft and cause the rocker arms to rotate, depressing the
screen, but also pressing it backward so that the screen,
when acted upon by the spring will be shot forward and
upward, and the material on the screen will also be shot
forward and upward. This will result in projecting the
material which is supported on the surface of the screen
forward and upward, and gradually carrying it over to the
open end. The long time during which the screen is being
forced down gives ample time for the material to settle on
the screen and be sifted through it instead of being batted
up by the screen while still in the air and before being
sifted, and as the screen pulsates the material will be thrown
up diagonally and allowed to settle vertically under the
influence of gravity, thus the material is being constantly
agitated and tossed upward, the finer particles being sifted
out. (Eight claims.)

10059 (1914). Improvements in the Manufacture of Sul-
phate of Ammonia and in the Purification of Coal Gas. J.
Mackenzie, of 312, G-rosvenor-terrace, Linthorpe-road,
Middlesbrough, Yorkshire. — Relates to a process for the
manufacture of sulphate of ammonia direct from the sulphur
and ammonia compounds which are contained in gases
generated by the dry distillation of coal, the process also
serving simultaneously for the purification of such gases. The
invention consists in subjecting the gases in a moist atmo-
sphere to the action of a compound of nitrogen obtained, for
example, from sodium nitrate or by the fixation of atmo-
spheric nitrogen, the said medium oxidising the sulphur com-
pounds in the gases to form sulphur trioxide which, with the

moisture, forms sulphuric acid. This at once attacks the
ammonia in the gases, and forms sulphate of ammonia. The
gas freed from tar containing the sulphur and ammonia com-
pounds is passed, together with a suitable quantity of nitrous
acid or its equivalent in a moist atmosphere at about 200 degs.
Fahr., into a suitable vessel in which all the sulphur com-
pounds are oxidised, as above described, and sulphate of
ammonia is formed. If sodium nitrate be used as the source
of the nitrogen compound, it is mixed with sulphuric acid,
and the nitric oxide driven off by steam. The sulphuric acid
decomposes the sodium nitrate, and the steam denitrates the
mixture, and the moisture referred to above is supplied by
this means. Any excess of the nitrogen compound can be
absorbed at the termination of the process in sulphuric acid
of, say, 70 to 80 per cent, strength, after which it is of
advantage to pass the gas through lime boxes or to wash it
with sprays of milk of lime, so as to remove not only all
traces of nitrogen compounds, but also the carbonic acid
present. The nitrous acid can then be expelled from the
sulphuric acid by denitration, and again used in the process.
(Four claims.)

17475 (1914). Improved Process for the Purification of
Gases containing Ammonia and Sulphuretted Hydrogen, and
for the Recovery of Ammonium Salts. F. Duvieusart, of
1,249, Cathedrale Santiago de Chili, Chili.—The purification
of the gases is effected by washing the same either cold or
hot with a solution containing the sulphated organic bases
in tar. The purification of the gases may be effected by
liquors so prepared that they are strongly alkaline to methyl
orange, but it has been found that the most energetic action
upon the gases, of the prepared aqueous solutions of organic
bases, occurred when the solution was neutral, or acid to
methyl orange, as in these circumstances there is formed,
especially at about 80 degs. Cent., a large quantity of
poly thionates, and that the absorption of ammonia and
sulphuretted hydrogen was much more rapid. Moreover, it
has been found that the aqueous solutions either hot or cold
of the sulphited organic bases in tar, after having served to
purify the gases, and being neutralised by sulphurous acid
(neutralisation being indicated by methyl orange) undergo a
transformation in the presence of sulphur, a certain quantity
of sulphur dissolving in the solution with the formation of
polythionates, the liquor ultimately precipitating sulphur
and changing gradually into ammonium sulphate. The
presence of sulphur is not necessary, but it renders the trans-
formation more rapid. It is not necessary that the liquor
should be absolutely neutral in order to arrive at the
formation of a sulphate, for even with an excess of sulphur-
ous acid the production of the sulphate is not prevented.
Either before, or on reaching the point of equilibrium, when
further formation of ammonium sulphate ceases, or proceeds
very slowly, the liquor may be removed for treatment to
separate the sulphate, the mother liquor being used again
for purifying the gases, or it (the liquor) may be resulphited
or not, and brought again into contact with the gases to be
washed so as to concentrate the sulphate before treatment
to obtain such sulphate in crystalline form, or the said
liquor may be mixed with fresh solution, after resulphiting if
desired, the mixture then being brought into contact with
the gases for washing purposes. After several successive
operations, the liquors become sufficiently charged with
sulphate of ammonia, and the latter is deposited in
crystalline form, on the hot liquors being cooled. The
sulphur in suspension in the liquor is separated by filtration
before the crystallisation of the sulphate. (Four claims.)

17689 (1914). Improvements in Hydraulic Rock and the
like Drills. J. Hanson, of Llys Helen, Croesor, Penrhyn-
deudraeth, North Wales.—Relates to hydraulic rock and
like drills, in which an epicyclic gear is employed between
a turbine wheel by which same is operated and the drill
spindle, and it consists in arranging such turbine wheel
parallel with said drill spindle, instead of co-axial or
arranged on a shaft at right angles therewith, and the con-
nection thereof with the epicyclic gear by means of suitable
gearing, whereby a great reduction of speed can be obtained
while the drill is rendered more compact and its construction
simplified. The invention has further for its object to



24

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provide means for completely cutting off the feed and turbine
water from the box containing the said epicyclic gear and
train of wheels, drill spindle and sleeve, and also means for
carrying away any leakage of water, and thereby prevent
water entering the said gear box and mixing with the
lubricant, and finally means for minimising friction in the
turbine, and other details. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of
the machine; fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line x—x
fig. 1; figs. 3 and 4 are detail views of the four-way dis-
tributing cock; fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line y—y
fig. 1, and showing the epicyclic gears. (Five claims.)

17786 (1914). Improvements in or relating to Tunnelling
Machines. H. A. Recen, of 1,722, California-street, Denver,
Colorado, U.S.A.—Relates more particularly to that type of
machine intended to cut the tunnel and form the sides of the
desired shape at one operation. The invention involves the
use of a swingable frame, carrying at its forward end rotary
angularly-disposed cutters for acting on the material to be
excavated, which frame may be mounted on a vehicular sup-
port which may carry means for removing to the rear the
material excavated, said means including a scoop and con-
veyor, and the invention consists in a novel arrangement of

gangs of cutters, the planes of the cutters of each gang being
parallel and the plates of the respective gangs converging in
relation to each other; further, the swingable frame is so
disposed that one wall of the cut produced by the cutters is in
the form of an obtuse angle, whilst two of the walls are
straight and parallel to each other. The invention further
comprises novel features and combinations of parts involved

7- \

in the construction and adjustment of the swingable frame,
means for propelling the vehicular support, and means for
removing the material excavated. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal
vertical sectional view through a tunnel, showing the machine
in operative position therein; fig. 2 is a top plan view. (Eight
claims.)

28941 (1913). A Process for Producing Pressure-proof
Coke Containing a Minimum of Detrimental Sulphur Con-
stituents. L. Franck, of Differdingen, Luxemburg,
Germany.—Relates to a process for the production of a metal-
lurgical coke to be used more particularly for the manufacture
of basic pig iron. The process, according to the invention,
has for its object, without materially increasing the contents
of slag, to render harmless all sulphur compounds of the coal
by replacing in the coking process part of the usual lime
addition by a compound of phosphorus which favourably aids
in the manufacture of pig iron. The addition is so calculated
that the lime contained therein just suffices to bind the
sulphur. By adding phosphorus compounds, such as lime
phosphates, to the coal prior to coking, phosphorus is intro-
duced into the mixture to such an extent that the iron con-
tained in the ashes is converted into phosphide of iron, and
on being deprived of the sulphur, does not take up any
further sulphur. The sulphur is rendered volatile, and is
absorbed and bound by the lime of the destroyed lime phos-
phate. Suitable phosphorus compounds of lime for this pur-
pose are phosphorite, phosphate chalk, apatite, vivianite, and
the like. If, moreover, au addition is made to the mixture
prior to coking of manganese ore, such as manganese dioxide,
the oxygen liberated at the moment at which the dioxide is
decomposed brings about a rapid combustion. As this
moment fairly coincides with the formation of the organic
sulphur compounds, the latter are oxidised by the oxygen,
and carried away with the gases. The additions are calculated
according to the contents of iron and sulphur in the coal; if
desired, where the content of iron is too low, it may be
increased by the addition of ferro-compounds. (Three claims.)

THE ACQUISITION OF ENEMY PATENT RIGHTS.

The following list of British Patents, which have been
granted in favour of residents of Germany, Austria, or
Hungary, is furnished in view of the new Patents Acts,
which empower the Board of Trade to confer upon British
subjects the right to manufacture under enemy patents,
which right, when acquired, can be retained after the war,
and is specially compiled for the Colliery Guardian by
Lewis Wm. Goold, chartered patent agent, 5, Corporation-
street, Birmingham. It is desirable in the first instance to
obtain the latest particulars upon the Patents Register. If
any patent listed has been assigned to a non-enemy pro-
prietor, the law does not apply.

6844/02. Impregnating wood and other materials. Relates
to a method of impregnating wood and other
porous materials, such as peat. The wood or
the like is subjected to air at a certain pressure,
say, five atmospheres. It is then treated with
the impregnating liquid at a greater pressure,
say, 15 atmospheres. The pressure is then
allowed to fall to atmospheric pressure or below
it. Hulsberg and Company, Berlin.

16207/02. Furnaces; roasting and calcining furnaces. In
furnaces with closed “ muffles ” or pan-like
roasting and calcining chambers fitted with
rotating agitators, the “ muffle ” is supported
on a metal frame, which also supports the bear-
ing of the agitator shaft, the brickwork of the
furnace not being used to support either muffle
or agitator. The flues are preferably so
arranged that the furnace gases play first on
the top of the retort. Verein Chemischer
Fabriken in Mannheim, Germany.

23288/02. Dynamos; electric motors; electric transformers.
Relates to alternating-current generators,
motors, and transformers formed of a stator
having a.biphase or polyphase winding and a
rotor having a normal continuous-current com-
mutator winding and brushes located in one
axis. Or the rotor may have a polyphase or
multi-axial construction and the stator a
single-phase or mono-axial construction, in
which case the exciting currents are supplied
through the commutator. G. Winter and F.
Eichberg, Austria.

22805/02. Wood; treating for preserving. Relates to a
process for preserving wood by impregnation
with tar oil. The wood is placed in an
impregnating cylinder, which is then filled with
tar oil, pressure being applied until sufficient
tar oil has passed into the wood. The super-