392

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN

August 20, 1915.

they are hinged at their outermost points, so as to enable
the knuckle joints to pass beneath the charger. The two
machines being thus grouped on one axis the whole apparatus
will occupy a very limited length of retort house extending

beyond the retort bench. The (accompanying drawing is a
rear elevation of a machine adapted for carrying out the
invention, the left-hand portion of the figure representing
the upper part and the right-hand portion thereof represent-
ing the lower part of the machine. (One claim.)

17236 (1914). A Method for the Preliminary Cooling of
Incandescent Coke. W. Walch, of 10, Uhlandstrasse,
Dusseldorf, Germany.—According to the invention, the heat
of the coke is taken up by means of a current of inert gas,
whereby it is transferred to a heat-exchanging apparatus;
this inert gas preferably consisting of the combustion products
such as the heating gases of the oven. The essential
features of the invention are illustrated by means of the
purely diagrammatic drawings shown in figs. 1 to 5. Fig.

1	represents a section through a coke-cooling chamber K, in
which there is located a cake C of spent coke. It may be
assumed that a centrifugal blower, not shown in the
drawings, forces an inert cooling gas, which cools the coke,
through the chamber in the direction of 2—3. In the
arrangement illustrated in fig. 2 the centrifugal blower r
forces the cooling gas through the incandescent coke of the
chamber K, in a closed circuit from 1 in the direction of

2	towards 3. The hot gas passes at 3 into a heat-exchanging
device A, in which the heat is utilised. This apparatus A
is provided with heating surfaces by means of which steam
producing, air-heating or similar apparatus can be operated.
Fig. 3 shows how the inert gases cool the coke in the
chamber K by passing from 1 through 2 to 3, whereupon
these gases are employed to heat other coke-chambers, this

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being effected by mixing the hot inert gases at some suitable
point with heating gases. Fig. 4 represents the same
arrangement with the addition, however, that in this case
there is also shown the closed circuit for the cooling gases,
this being represented by a heat-consuming device A.
Unfortunately the method as heretofore described, although
very advantageous from an economical point of view, is
still subject to a defect which requires -to be obviated. In
getting rid of this defect further advantages are realised
consisting mainly in the saving of fuel in blast furnace
plant. Assuming that the coke cake cooled in the manner
illustrated in fig. 2 is to be forced out of the coke chamber in
the usual manner by means of a cokq pushing device, the
conditions persisting when the pushing out of the coke takes
place will be approximately as follows :—In order to avoid
on the one hand great variations of temperature, and
because on the other hand it is nearly impossible to cool the
inert gases in the heat-exchanging apparatus to a lower
temperature than from 200 to 300 degs., it will usually be
necessary that the cooling operation should be brought to a
close when the cooled coke is still at an average temperature
of about 400 degs. At such an average temperature, it is
still possible that the interior of the coke may be so hot
as to be liable if exposed to air, again to burst in flame.
For this reason it is advantageous to press the coke into
chambers in which it is protected against the influence of
atmospheric air, and consequently also against subsequent
combustion. The fact which originality appeared to be a
defect of the method according-to this invention, that is to
say, the fact that the coke could only be cooled down to
a temperature of from 350 to 400 degs. is by the use of
the transportable storage chambers converted into an
advantage of the greatest economical importance in the blast
furnace process. In the diagrammatic arrangement
illustrated in fig. 5 K is the coke chamber, C the cooled, but
still warm coke deposited in the transportable receptacle B,
which may be raised and caused to travel by means of the
two crane chains P, P#. In the case in which the method
employed is that illustrated either in fig. 2 or in fig. 4, that
is to say, in which the same cooling gases are continuously
cooled in a heat-exchanging apparatus, the temperature of
the cooling gases flowing away from one of the cakes of
coke will at first be exceedingly high, and it may conse-
quently happen that when a heat-exchanging apparatus is
employed for the preliminary heating of air or gases the
tubes of this apparatus may become heated, at least for a
time, to an extent injurious to the material of which they
are constructed. This may be avoided by mixing the gases
employed in cooling several caked masses of coke in different
stages of the? cooling process before their entrance into the

heat-exchanging apparatus, with the result that the average
temperature of the cooled gases will be practically constant,
or in front of the heat-exchanging apparatus for the pre-
liminary heating of air there may be arranged another for
the preliminary heating of liquids, which is better able to
bear the higher temperature, and consequently protects the
one arranged behind it against burning. (Two claims.)

18215 (1914).—An Improvement in Retorts or Ovens for
Carbonising Coal. F. L. Slocum, of 401, South Linden-
avenue, Pittsburg, Pa., U.S.A.—Means are provided within
the retort or oven, or within an extension thereof constituting
a charging shoot or chamber, for preventing outward move-
ment of the charge when the pressure applied by the ram or
the like is relieved, and thus preventing the said expansion.
A suitable means consists in a con-
striction or shoulder within the retort
or extension, above the zone in the
former, in which the coal first
becomes plastic. Preferably the
extension is provided with a shoulder
just below the limit of the inward
stroke of the ram. A construction
applied to a vertical retort in which
the extension is provided with a
shoulder just below the inward stroke
of the ram, is illustrated in the accom-
panying drawing, which is a vertical
section through the upper part of the
retort a. The coal descends from the
hopper b while the ram c is in the
position shown to fill the extension e
and the shoot f. The downward

stroke of the ram terminates at the dotted line d, and at this
level the extension e is formed with a shoulder g. The exten-
sion being full of coal the latter is prevented by the shoulder
from appreciable upward movement when the ram is raised.
Hence expansion of the plastic semi-carbonised coal in the
upper part of the retort is reduced to a minimum. (Three
claims.)

18437 (1914). Improvements relating tot Furnaces for the
Destructive Distillation of Carbonaceous Substances.
W. W. Crawford, of 75, Caxton House, Westminster,
London, S.W.—This invention consists of a series of retorts,
and inter-retort heating chambers, said retorts and chambers
together with the heating means therefor, being revoluble

and radially disposed about a common axis, rotation being
necessary for the purpose of automatically charging and dis-
charging the contents of the retorts, and allowing by a
variation or a setting of the speed to apportion the time for
coking as may be desired. The accompanying drawing is a
part sectional side elevation. (Seven claims.)

20616 (1914). Improvements in Effecting the Separation
of Carbon Monoxide from Gas Mixtures. J. Y. Johnson,
of 47, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London. (Communicated from
abroad by the Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik, of Ludwigs-
hafen-on-Rhine, Germany.)—Lt has been found desirable to
add oxygen, or to have oxygen present, when absorbing
carbon monoxide from gas mixtures, by means of ammo-
niacal solutions of cuprous chloride, or other cuprous salt, or
ammoniacal cuprous oxide. According to the invention, the
oxygen can be supplied in any suitable way, for example, by
means of atmospheric air. The quantity of oxygen added to
the gas mixture, or absorbing liquid, or both, can advan-
tageously be increased to beyond the point which prevents
the precipitation of copper, as, if sufficient oxygen be added,
the carbon monoxide will be oxidised to carbon dioxide, and
regeneration of cuprous oxide solution will constantly take
place merely through the addition of sufficient oxygen.
(Three claims.)

24575 (1913). Deep Drilling Apparatus. V. Petit, of
Targowiska, Galicia, Austria. — Relates to deep drilling
apparatus acting by impact. The object is to provide

improved* means to
give the drill a
stroke exceeding the
stroke of the drill
beam, by storing
energy at each de-
scent of the percus-
sion crank, and
using a sliding joint
on the drill bar
whereby the inertia
imparted to the drill
by a sudden stopping
of the beam at the
end of the upward
stroke of the drill
bar is caused to
throw the drill itself
higher still. The in-
vention consists of a
deep drilling appara-
tus wherein the drill
beam is a compound
structure of two ele-
ments, one element
being connected near
one end with the

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c > *





tractive rod, and the

other element composed of two arms carrying the drill bar
near one end remote from the tractive rod, the first element
being partly inserted between the other element composed of
two arms, the arrangement being such that the free end of
each of the said elements bears against the other operative
end of the other element by means of springs or the like.
In the construction shown in figs. 1, 2, and 3, the arrange-
ment is such that one element of the drill beam consists of

two arms B, C, between which the other element, consisting

of the arm A, is adapted to oscillate freely about the common
axis D. Fig. 4 illustrates a modified construction. (Four
claims.)

25025 (1913). Improvements in or relating to Jigging;
Machines. E. Schuchard, of 1, Sud-West-Korso, Berlin,
Friedenau, Germany.—Relates more particularly to jigging
machines in which the jigging action is accomplished by the
passage of a pulsating stream of water backwards and for-
wards through a perforated stationary carrier. According to
the invention, the material is subjected in a thin layer on
the elevated portion of the carrier to the full and direct action
of the jigging water for the purpose of effecting practically the
whole separation of the material upon said elevated portion.
The thickness or height of the layer upon the elevated por-
tion of. the carrier, which portion is arranged substantially
at the point of supply of the material, may be up to 3 cm.
The settled products of the jigging operation pass from the
elevated portion over an adjacent inclined or step-shaped
portion of the carrier, which leads directly to the point of
discharge, and which serves mainly or exclusively for the
transport of the settled product. Owing to the material
being subjected in a thin layer at the supply end of the
jigging machine to the full action of the jigging water, the
separation of the material into heavier and lighter particles
is effected very rapidly, almost instantaneously, and the
heavier particles of the material need not, therefore, work
through a comparatively high layer of the material, but are
only required to be transported or allowed to slide towards-
the discharge apparatus in the relative positions which they.

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Fig.6.

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have assumed at the entry into the jigging machine under
the full action of the water. Owing to this arrangement,
the length of the various jigging compartments may be con-
siderably shortened, and the total number of the compart-
ments may be reduced. This considerable shortening of the
jigging compartments enables several compartments to be
acted upon by a common jigging piston, whereby a great
economy in the initial cost of the plant and in the working
expenses may be obtained. Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional eleva-
tions of two constructions. In the construction shown in
fig. 1, the parts extending from the elevated portions to the
discharge grooves are step-shaped, whilst in the construction
shown in fig. 2 the said parts are downwardly inclined, but
straight. In the construction shown in figs. 3 to 6, several
troughs or grooves, serving for the discharge of the diverse
separated materials, are arranged directly side by side, as-
used in connection with a single elevated operative portion
of the jigging sieve, a different product being obtained in
each groove or trough. The dimensions of these troughs or
grooves preferably increase with their distance from the
point of supply. (Eight claims.)

25412 (1913). Improvements in and connected with
Means for Detecting the Presence of Injurious Gases in
Mines and like Places. The firm Schoeller and Company,
of 108, Morfelderland Strasse. Frankfurt a. M., Germany.—
Relates to apparatus for automatically indicating the pre-
sence of noxious gases in mines, and makes use of the
physical principle, in which the rise and fall in pressure
caused by diffusion
porous body is utili;
with the invention,
communicating pipe
pressure due to d
source of light for
the production of
an automatic sig-
nal. The fluid in-
dicating the altera-
tion of pressure
is utilised to render
effective the light
rays of a source of
light arranged in a
suitable manner be-
hind, to cause the
same suddenly to
disappear, or, in-
stead, to colour
these rays in such
a manner that the
light in the cham-

ber suddenly appears, for instance, red. The lamp may be
coloured or the glass of the tubular system, or the indicator
liquid itself may be coloured. A very simple arrangement
of this kind may be produced by the aid of a coloured liquid,
which is raised by the difference in pressure to the level of the
rays of light. But it is also equally possible to cause the
source of light to be concealed by the indicator liquid, and
to be uncovered again in any convenient manner. A very
advantageous and practical construction can be effected by
the aid of opaque or coloured floats suitably arranged. An
example of the construction of a lamp according to the inven-
tion is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which is a
vertical section. As soon as there is any alteration in the
gaseous condition of the atmosphere in a mine, due, for
example, to the presence of firedamp, an increase of pressure
is set up in the annular space 4. owing to the porous plate 7,
and the liquid 6 is driven up into the annular space 3 through
the holes 5. As a result, the light immediately appears

through a
accordance
level in a
or fall in
aid of a

of heavier and lighter gases
sed for giving a signal. In
the alteration of the liquid
system caused by the rise
illusion is utilised by the

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6