1022

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN

November 13, Id 14

The Board of Trade now give and grant licence to all
persons resident, carrying on business or being in the
United Kingdom, to pay any fees necessary for obtaining
the grant for or for obtaining the renewal of patents or for
obtaining the registration of designs or trade marks or the
renewal of such registration in an “ enemy country/’ and
also to pay on behalf of an “enemy ” any fees payable in
the United Kingdom on application for or renewal of the
grant of a patent or on application for the registration of
designs or trade marks or the renewal of such registration.

In the High Court, Edinburgh, on the 6th inst., William
Drummond Dick pleaded “ Guilty ” to the charge that,
having conceived a scheme for trading with the enemy, he
sent on September 30 a letter to a hotel porter in Gothen-
burg, Sweden, stating that he was negotiating for the sale
of a cargo of coal with a Berlin company, and requesting
the porter to post on an enclosed letter addressed to the
German Cuban Electricity Company Limited, Berlin. In
the enclosed letter he said that the enquiry of the company
regarding a cargo of about 1,350 tons of coal was having
his greatest attention, that he would personally inspect
every wagon before shipment should they come to busi-
ness, and that he would do his utmost to hasten the
negotiations. It was stated that the prisoner had been
misled by the fact that the cargo was to be shipped to
Cuba, and that his offence consisted in communicating with
Berlin instead of direct with Cuba. Since 1907 he had
been engaged as a coal importer in Berlin. In July he
returned to this country with his German wife, leaving his
family in Berlin. He could not communicate with his
family except through Gothenburg, so that a channel of
communication was devised for the transaction in question.
When he realised that the transaction was illegal he did
nothing further. The Lord Justice Clerk, in passing
sentence of five years’ penal servitude, remarked on the
necessity for an exemplary sentence. Nothing could be
more dangerous to the country’s interests than to negotiate
with the enemy for coal to be sent to sea.

In the First Division of the Scottish Court of Session on
Friday, November 6, questions arising out of the recent
Proclamation against trading with the enemy were decided in
connection with a note presented for Orenstein and Koppel,
Arthur Koppel Atkien Gesellschaft (trading as Orenstein
and Koppel-Arthur Koppel (Amalgamated), railway
material and rolling stock manufacturers, 24, Ufer Tempel-
hofer, Berlin, registered under the Companies (Consolida-
tion) Act, 1908, as a foreign company trading in this
country, and having their registered address in this
country at St. Clements House, 27, Clements-lane, Lombard-
street, London. The company were pursuers and appellants
in an action at their instance against the Egyptian
Phosphate Company Limited, 188, St. Vincent-street,
Glasgow, and their branch in London is carried on by its
manager, Frederik Rudolf Lestikow, and the case raised
questions under the Trading with the Enemy Proclamation.
Their lordships, however, decided that the pursuers had no
branch in his Majesty’s dominions, and further, that there
was no transaction in the sense of the Sixth Article of the
Royal Proclamation with which they had to deal at all.
The action was for payment of a sum of money alleged to
be due by the defenders to the pursuers for ironwork
supplied to them, the defenders, by virtue of a contract
made with the servant of the pursuers in this country.
The Lord President said that “ if manufacturers of goods
in an enemy country engaged a servant to sell these goods
in another country they could not be said to have estab-
lished a branch of their business in that other country, and
it was immaterial whether the servant was paid by salary
or by commission, and e pially immaterial whether his
masters hired premises for him or paid his hotel bills, and
the fact that there had been, as here, registration of
the company under the 274th section of the statute of 1908
was also nothing to the purpose.” His lordship was
further of opinion that payment arising out of a transaction
was not a transaction in the sense of the Royal Proclama-
tion ; accordingly, if the question they had to deal with
was liability or non-liability to pay a sum of money, then
he was of opinion that that was not a transaction in the1
sense of the Royal Proclamation, and especially in the
sense of the sixth Article. If it were deemed necessary to
give express permission, even in the case of past transac-
tions and in the case of permitted transactions, to a person
resident in his Majesty’s dominions, to pay money to the
enemy, the inference seemed to his lordship to be plain,
that in such cases—past transactions and permitted trans-
actions—express permission would require to be given to
a person resident in this country to make payment to an
enemy.

Reference has been made to the proposed new industry
for Doncaster in the establishment of a factory for the
manufacture of aniline dyes, the chief point in favour of
the town being its situation in the midst of a great coal-
field. Since then information has come to hand that two
Huddersfield dyers have solved the problem of replacing
the German products in dye stuffs, the supply of which has
been cut off by the war. For some time past they have
been making experiments at the Huddersfield Technical
College, and claim to have proved the effectiveness of the
use of sulphur dyes. These are the cheapest on the
market, and are only used at present for cotton fibres.
The experiments have demonstrated that they may now be
applied to wool, silk, artificial silk, &c., either separately or
combined. The cost works out at considerably less than by
the use of aniline or alizarine colours, and there is also a
saving in machinery. There have been offers to purchase
the monopoly right of the patent, but these have been
declined, and the invention is being placed at the disposal
of the trade upon payment of a small royalty on the
amount of material dyed.

The committee appointed by the Treasury to deal with
authorisation of advances in approved cases to British
traders carrying on an export business in respect of debts
outstanding in foreign countries and colonies, including
unpaid foreign and colonial acceptances which cannot be
collected for the time being, is composed as follows:—Sir
Henry Babington Smith, chairman, Sir Algernon Firth, and
Sir William Blender.

Before the Tyne Improvement Commission, on the
5th inst., it was reported that in October 1,226,988 tons of
coal and 31,258 tons of coke were shipped from the Tyne,
showing a decrease of 596,904 tons of coal and an increase
of 990 tons of coke over the corresponding month of last
year. For the ten months of the present year 15,138,302

tons of coal and 297,896 tons of coke were shipped, a
decrease of 1,528,031 tons of coal and an increase of 41,448
tons of coke over the corresponding period of last year.

It is stated that 12 German and Turkish transports,
carrying cargoes of coal, have been sunk near Uzunguldak,
on the coast of Anatolia.

An auxiliary cruiser has brought into Simon’s Bay a full-
rigged Norwegian ship, bound to Luderitzbucht with a
cargo of coal.

A Ti.Hts telegram from Santiago rex orts that the “ Prinz
Eitel,” loaded with coal and provisions, left Valparaiso, on
Friday, the 6th inst. In amplification of previous cables
referring to the supply of coal and provisions to German
cruisers by steamers proceeding from Chilean ports, atten-
tion is drawn to the fact that the “ Karnak ” left Iquique
on October 2 with 6,000 tons of coal, declaring her destina-
tion to be San‘Francisco, via Callao. She arrived at Anto-
fagasta on October 26 empty, with indications in her
appearance that she had transferred her cargo at sea. She
declared to the authorities that she had been chased by an
English cruiser, and had jettisoned her coal. The British
Minister has lodged a complaint. The Government has
ordered the detention of the “ Karnak ” for complete inves-
tigation.

Just at the present time, says the Journal of Commerce, a
brief review of Turkey’s coal trade will not be without
interest. The principal coalfields are on the Black Sea
coast, about 130 miles from Constantinople, and extend
from Heraclea on the west to Filios on the east. The
output of the Heraclea coalfields in 1884 was 71,000 tons,
whilst last year about a million tons were raised. The
quality of the coal is a little below that of Lancashire coal.
An English company, the Ionian Private Company, has
been working the Raghib Pasha Saradja Concession, which
embraces the collieries of Cozlou, Candelli and Aladja
Agahzi. In March of last year the Belgian company, La
Societe Anonyme des Charbonnages Reunis de Bender
Eregli, was formed with a capital of <£240,000, and took
over the English company. Having insufficient capital,
arrangements were entered into with the German group of
concessionaires represented by Hugo Stinnes, who for some
time had established depots in Turkish ports not only for
the sale of German coals, but also for Welsh descriptions.
With regard to the German group working Turkish
collieries, it is stipulated that 60 per cent, of the output
must be offered to the Turkish Government if they required
the same, and permission has to be obtained before the
60 per cent, call can be sold to others. It is understood
that the French companies working concessions have been
stopped.

A Decree of the French Government published in the
Journal Official of October 28 extends for a further sixty
clear days the moratorium on bills of exchange proclaimed
on August 9 and extended on August 29. This extension
applies to all negotiable securities which fall due before
January 1, 1915, provided that they were signed before
August 4 last.

The sub-committee appointed by the Admiralty Transporta-
tion Board have presented a report suggesting conditions
and scales of rates of hire for vessels of different classes
requisitioned by the Admiralty for transport and other
purposes. Copies of these reports can be obtained on
application to the Secretary of the Board, Scotland House,
Victoria Embankment, S.W.

The advisory committee of the Newcastle Chamber of
Commerce have secured an important concession from the
collector of customs at Newcastle, in the shape of per-
mission to merchants in order to get ships away to supply
bills of lading with approximate figures and other data for
Customs purposes only. Merchants must state the
consignee’s name, and also must be careful not to issue
bills of lading to order, as under the latter term cargo is
liable to be confiscated.

An Italian Royal Decree has been issued prohibiting
exportation of certain articles, including pewter, nickel,
and benzol. The measure is due to the enormous increase
in exports in October.

The monthly proceedings of the Association of Chambers
of Commerce gives a summary of the returns received from
the various chambers as to the amount of debts owing from
abroad to British traders. The total figure is given as
£36,367,758. Out of this total the debts due from Germany
amount to £7,054,697, and from Austria to £1,746,404, while
Turkey figures for £1,702,261. On the other hand, the
debts from Russia amount to £5,743,746, from France to
£3,043,267, and from Belgium to £921,039. The largest
other amounts are :—United States, £2,688,372 ; Brazil,
£2,201,742 ; Italy, £2,023,202 ; Argentina, £1,267,114 ; and
Spain, £1,010,825.

The Streets Committee of the Corporation of the City
of London have requested the Corporation forthwith to ask
the Government to obtain power for the determination
of contracts with companies for the supply of goods
imported from any country with which this country is at
war, or manufactured, or partly manufactured, in any such
hostile country, and for the determination of contracts
with companies which are, or were, on and subsequently to
January 1, 1914, under the management of, or a majority
of whose directors or shareholders are or were, during that
period, born subjects of any such hostile countries.

Dr. F. Mollwo Perkin, on Tuesday, delivered a lecture in
Bradford on “The Artificial Colour Industry and its
Position in this Country.” At the outset the lecturer
discussed the reasons why the coal tar industry had in a
large measure passed to the Germans. Up to 1875, he
said, the British industry was in a flourishing condition,
and a very large number of patents were taken out in this
country. The neglect of scientific research, however,
during the last decade was the reason why the trade was
gradually forced out by German competition. Research
chemists could not be found, and our universities did not
train them. The Germans had gained their position of
p^e-eminence by painstaking research backed by thorough
b \ness organisation.

a ‘siding over the Prize Court on Monday, Sir Samuel
Evans gave judgment in the case of the German sailing
ship “ Mowe,” which was seized by a British warship in the
Firth of Forth on August 5. The condemnation of the
vessel was asked for by the Crown on the ground that when
captured she was not within the boundary of any port in
the sense in which the word was used in the sixth Hague
Convention of 1907. The “ Mowe,” in the course of a

voyage from Norderney, in Germany, to Bo’ness., in the
Forth, to load coal, put into Morrison’s Haven on the
evening of August 4. On the following morning she
weighed anchor and proceeded, according to her master, for
Granton, higher up the Firth of Forth. An hour later she
was captured as a prize by his Majesty’s ship “Ringdove.”
For the owner, Harm Schier, a German subject, who was
also the master of the vessel, it was contended that the
ship came within the provisions of the Hague Convention,
both as regarded its language and intention, and that an
order for detention only should be made. The President,
however, found that the vessel was captured at sea, and
decreed that she be condemned as lawful prize.

The Board of Trade are informed by the Colonial Office
that a despatch has been received from the Governor of the
Gold Coast stating that, in his opinion and in that of the
officer commanding the troops in Togoland, there is now no
objection to British traders extending their operations to
Togoland.

The British Chamber of Commerce, Paris, is informed by
the Etat Railway that it might be advisable for British
coal shippers to study the possibility of discharging at
Trouville, as the lines thence are less hampered with
traffic

The foreign trade secretary of the Cincinnati Chamber of
Commerce has just made a report as the result of a recent
trip to Europe to study possibilities. Speaking of the
French naval and railway contracts, he says: “ If you want
a share of this business you must go after it, preferably
through personal work by one of the heads of your concern.
You have to get acquainted with the purchasing agents in
Paris, get intimate with them, entertain them and stay long
enough in Paris to thoroughly warm up the people to your
proposition.” At Genoa he saw quite a number of firms who
were all interested in American coal. Italy has been for a
long while a large purchasing power for American coal, and
the recent contracts made for next year’s supplies show again
that American coal is wanted and needed in Italy. The
main objection which Italian, as well as French and Austrian
impoiters pretend to have, is that American coal, as a rule,
comes in too big pieces, and transferring same from steamer
to craft, and from craft into railroad car produces too much
dust. The Italian railroad, when he was in Italy, closed a
contract for 300,000 tons to be divided among three
American firms for next year. “ It is absolutely essential
that coal firms, which have not as yet exported to Italy,
must quote c.i.f. prices, and in case of requirements, also
furnish a trial shipment for testing purposes. If this
cannot be done, and the American shipper insists upon cash
against document, f.o.b. American port of loading, a
successful business will never be developed. Of course,
there are several firms who buy f.o.b. and charter their own
steamers, but the majority of firms in Italy insist upon
c.i.f.”

It will be remembered that some few months ago the
South Indian Railway Company placed a contract for a
number of mineral locomotives with Messrs. Henschel, of
Cassel, Germany, but the contract was subsequently
cancelled, and tenders invited from builders in Great
Britain and the United States. We now understand that
the contract for the 16 locomotives has been awarded to
Messrs. Kitson and Company Limited, of the Airedale
Foundry, Leeds. The locomotives, which are due for
delivery between March 31 and May 31 next, have the
following leading dimensions :—

Engine.

Diameter of cylinder ...................... 191 in.

Stroke of piston........................... 26 in.

Boiler barrel, maximum diameter outside ... 4 ft. 9 in.

Length of barrel .......................... 11 ft.

Length of fire box outside ................ 7 ft. 2 in.

Width of fire box outside (bottom)......... 4 ft. 10 in.

Number of ordinary brass tubes ............ 113

Outside diameter of brass tubes ........... 2 in.

Superheater elements ...................... No. 18

Superheater smoke tubes, diameter outside ... 5| in.
Superheater steam tubes, diameter outside .. If in.
Heating surface of tubes................... 949	sq.* ft.

Heating surface of superheater............. 275	sq. it.

Heating surface of fire box................ 132	sq. ft.

Total heating surface.................... 1,356 sq. ft.

Area of firegrate ......................... 27i sq. ft.

Diameter of the six coupled wheels on tread... 4ft. 7 in.
Fixed wheelbase .......................1	... 15 ft. 9 in.

Total wheelbase of engine and tender....... 39 ft. 71 in.

Length over buffers, engine and tender ... . ... 53 ft. 9| in.
Boiler centre over rails .................. 7 ft. 11 in.

Weight of engine, empty ................... 43’68 tons

Weight of engine in working order ......... 48’86 tons

Tender.

Number of wheels........................... 6

Diameter of wheels on tread................ 3 ft. 7 in.

Weight of fuel carried ... ................ 5^ tons

Capacity of water tank .................... 3,000 gals.

Wheelbase of tender ....................... 12 ft. 6 in.

Weight of tender, empty ................... 19’47 tons

Weight of tender in working order.......... 38’85 tons

Reference to the effect of the war on trade was made by
Mr. James Raybould in his presidential address to the
South Staffordshire Iron and Steel Institute at Dudley
recently. He said we were at war with a nation that had
been our most formidable rival in the markets of the world,
while even in our own market she had been a factor to be
reckoned with. The world’s need would be greater after
the war was over than it was now, and it was certain that
while the war lasted Germany could not contribute her
quota towards meeting that need. It was also certain that
the markets she had hitherto supplied would not wait for
her. For a time there would be a lesser demand, but
this would not be for long. There was a market for over
£500,000,000 of trade annually, and this would be open to
the United Kingdom and the United States. How did we
stand in relation to it ? Our exports to Germany and to
the German colonies in 1912 were £41,068,601. Our imports
from Germany and her colonies were £70,669,685. But if
we considered the German export trade to all other parts of
the British Empire, and assumed that this would also be
stopped in future, and that it would come to the Mother
Country, we should secure a net increase of trade from
Great Britain and British Possessions of about £10 ',000,000,
which represented an increase on our foreign trade of
nearly 20 per cent. There still remained an oversea trade
done by Germany of £400,000,000.