1204 THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN December 6, 1918. ABSTRACTS OF PATENT SPECIFICATIONS RECENTLY ACCEPTED. 113264. Formation of Hydrocarbons having Low Boiling Points from Hydrocarbons having High Boiling Points. D. T. Day, 715, 19th-street, North West, Washington Columbia; F. Macdonald, Casper, Natrona, Wyoming; and R. B. Day, Swarthmore, Delaware, Penn.—This inven- tion concerns processes for the cracking of hydrocarbon material in which the material to be treated is vaporised, and then the vapours cracked and conversion effected by direct contact with intensely hot gases of combustion. It has previously been proposed to use gases of combustion .in chambers filled with absorbent material and fitted with injector devices for introducing the hydrocarbons to be treated. According to the present invention, the material to be cracked and converted by direct contact with hot gases of combustion substantially free from oxygen is sprayed into a free space into which the hot gases also are introduced. The process includes the generation of gases of combustion by the burning of oil in one part of the apparatus used, which will be described later, and the passing of the gases of combustion into another part of the apparatus where they act on the vaporised hydro- carbons to be treated. The cracking process begins as soon as the oil to be treated is completely vaporised. The oil, when vaporised, is acted upon directly by the hot gases of combustion, the heat transfer being from vapour to vapour without any intervening medium, the contact action taking place in a free space in which the vapours and hot gases have freedom to circulate and intermingle. Any hydrogen present is of assistance in reducing the proportion of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the final product, and thus making possible the use of much material which otherwise would be unsaturated, and there- fore worthless. The use of the present process makes it possible to clean the inner walls of the cracking chamber by burning the carbon therefrom. As soon as air or oxygen is allowed to enter the cracking chamber the burning action takes place immediately, and for this reason the process is conducted without the presence of oxygen. In cleaning the apparatus, in other types of apparatus at present in use, it is necessary to stop work, allow the structure and machinery to cool down, and to open the cracking chamber before the same may be cleaned. In the present invention, however, the burning of the carbon which may be formed is accomplished by merely intro- ducing sufficient oxygen or air to oxidise the deposits, the burning practically taking place automatically while the heat is maintained. There is no necessity to stop work for a long period to allow the parts to cool, as is the case when the apparatus is opened to be cleaned by hand. In ordinary operation of the invention the parts need not be opened for long periods. The invention relates to the production also of gasoline hydrocarbons and other oils having lower boiling points, and provides for the use of temperature ranges from 700 degs. Fahr, up to 3,000 degs. Fahr., and pressures in the apparatus ranging from atmospheric pressure up to 600 lb. per sq. in. (Three claims.) 119440. Vaporising Hydrocarbons and Producing Hydrocarbons having Low Boiling Points from Hydro- carbons having High Boiling Points.—D. T. Day, 715, 19th Street, North West, Washington, U.S.A., and R. B. Day, Swarthmore, Delaware, Pennsylvania. — This invention relates to improvements in the process of vaporising oils in which hot gases and vapours are delivered into a hydro- carbon mass; invention also relates to the production of hydrocarbon oils having low boiling points from hydro- carbons having high boiling points in which such process of vaporising is employed. The complete process of such production may include the production of such light oils or those having low boiling points by treatment of vapours by gases of combustion in the manner described in the specification belonging to a co-pending Patent Application No. 113264. The invention consists in a new method of vaporising oil by heating the same by the injection into the mass of oil of vapours produced by cracking with hot gases of combustion, and also the injection of the hot gases of combustion alone or mixed with vapours. The vapours or gases are injected into the mass of oil so that they bubble up through the same, and in this way the mass is heated and part of its content is carried off. (Seven claims.} 120010. Pneumatic Rock Drilling Machines. Aktiebo- laget Atlas Diesel and G. Andersson, both of Torsgatan 5, Stockholm, Sweden.—This invention relates to pneumatic rock drills, and is specially adapted for use with pneumatic rock drilling machines having a rotary cylinder and pro- vided with means for scavenging the bore-hole by means of water supplied through the hollow bit. An object of the invention is to provide a pneumatic rock drilling machine in which the scavenging water is supplied to the bit in such manner that no water can enter the cylinder containing the percussion mechanism from the water con- duit leading to the bit. (Two claims.) 120223. Destructive Distillation of Carbonaceous Sub- stances. S. N. Wellington, 62, London Wall, London, E. C.—Relates to the destructive distillation of coal and similar carbonaceous substances at a comparatively low temperature, and it has for its object to re-heat the gas and vapour after it has been cooled for the condensation of its content of tar, whereby ammonia may be completely recovered without simultaneous substantial condensation of water. According to the invention, the gas produced in the destructive distillation of coal or other similar carbonaceous substance after it has been deprived of tar by being passed through a condenser and tar extractor is passed through a heat exchanger in which it is heated by means of producer gas. This heat exchanger may take any suitable form. For example, it may take the form of a casing in which a number of tubes are disposed up which the low temperature gas passes, while in the casing and outside the tubes the producer gas passes. The re-heater casing may contain a number of units comprising sets of tubes within an enclosing tube or casing along which the respective gases pass so that thus the low tem- perature. gas may be heated to a temperature of about 100 degs. Cent. The temperature of the gas as it leaves the gas producer is on an average usually about 500 degs. cent., and a considerable part of the heat of the gas may thus be usefully employed according to the invention. After being re-heated, the low temperature gas is passed through a saturator of any suitable kind in which the ammonia is recovered. In the saturator the acid, as is usual, may be maintained at about 80 degs. Cent., and the gas, after passing through the saturator, may pass to a cooler or condenser where the water vapour condenses, and may be otherwise treated as' is usual in gas manu- facture. 120246. Rotary Pumps. E. L. Copsey, “ Laureldene,” Old Heath, Colchester.—This invention refers to valveless rotary and positive acting pumps of the kind in which a cylinder containing the pump piston is rotatably sup- ported on a stationary shaft or journal having axial passages which serve as suction and delivery conduits with which suction and delivery ports in the cylinder respectively register at certain periods of each revolution of the cylinder, the piston having a reciprocating motion due to the support of the piston being eccentrically disposed with relation to the axis of rotation of the rotatably driven part of the pumping apparatus. It consists in an improved construction, the object being to produce a rotary pump of the above kind having a single double-ended piston which is reciprocated directly by its eccentrically disposed support without the intervention of a connecting rod or other device, the cylinder receiving its rotary motion directly -from a driving belt or other known means of power transmission. (Four claims.) 120269. Hoisting Apparatus for Mines, Etc. W. Lindley, Holly Dene, Coalville, Leicester.—This invention relates to portable hoisting apparatus for use in mines, tunnels and the like, and one of the principal objects thereof is to improve portable hoists suitable for holding up girders or bars while legs or props are being placed at each end to support such girders or bars. Such portable hoisting apparatus may comprise a suitable carrier adapted to be raised and lowered on a vertically extensible framework which is fitted with screw devices so that it may be jammed or fixed in position between the roof and the floor, and the frame may be fitted with a winch or similar means for raising and lowering the carrier or platform. Accord- ing to this invention the framework is adapted to swivel or to be rotatable on centrally arranged pivot devices and to be fixed in desired positions around the pivotal axis by tightening jamming screws. Thus, before a hoisting operation the hoist frame may be swivelled so as to be conveniently placed for receiving a bar or girder which is brought to .be place by a tub or trolley. The said bar, beam or girder is placed on the platform and the frame is then swung into the desired vertical plane, the framework being fixed in the desired plane by tightening up the jamming screws, bolts or the like. The apparatus suitably consists of a lower transverse piece or base adapted to rest on the floor or ground, an upper transverse piece or head adapted to be fixed in position against the roof or ceiling, a telescopic column or columns connecting the base and the head so as to permit of varying its effective height, a skeleton platform or cradle to receive the bar or girder to be raised and adapted to slide up and down the column or columns, any appropriate means for manually raising and lowering platform, central screw devices at top and bottom for provisionally and revolubly fixing the apparatus in a vertical position between the floor and the roof, and other screw devices for fixing the apparatus so as to be incapable of rotation when the girder or bar has been swung to the desired position. (Six claims.) NEW PATENTS CONNECTED WITH THE COAL AND IRON TRADES. Applications for Patents. November 25 to 30 (inclusive). [Note.—Applications arranged alphabetically under the names of the applicants (communicators in parentheses). A new number will be given on acceptance, which will replace the application number.] Archer, A. G. Internal combustion engines. (19794) Babcock and Wilcox, Baker, H. H., and Davy C. S. Means for distributing fuel to grate surface of stoker. (19497) Baxter, R. S. Heat engines. (19356) Bibby, J. Furnaces, etc. (19671) Blichfeldt, S. H. Conveyers. (19484) Burnett, C. Apparatus for washing coal, etc. (19442) Calverley, J. E., and Highfield, W. E. Apparatus for transforming electrical energy. (19785) Cocking, A. T. Explosives. (19776) Colson, L. Apparatus for synthetic production of gas from coal. (19378) Craig, F. B. Boilers and their furnaces. (19380) Dalton, R. F. Artificial fuel composition and process. (19645) Davidson, J. Two-cycle internal combustion engines. (19509) Davison, G. S. Internal combustion engines. (19515) Drysdale, J. W. W., and Drysdale and Company. Centri- fugal pumps. ( (19817) Eastmond, J. E. Stoves or furnaces. (19397) Elliston, E. R., and Elliston, Evans and Jackson. Safety or control means for hoists, cranes, etc. (19661) Foster, J. E., and Sankey, C. H. Manufacture of silica bricks, tiles, etc. (19370) Fothergill, H., and Gunn, J. Steam-condensing and feed- water de-aeration plant. (19760) Fuel Saving Company. Apparatus for feeding pulverised fuel. (19616) Griffiths, S. Colliery trams. (19805) Hale, W. E. Buffers for colliery, etc., tubs, trucks, or wagons. (19830) Higuchi, G. Steam pump. (19737) Houston, P. Miners’ lamps. (19654) Hunt, E. W. Removable bottom for coal buckets, etc. 19429) Jackson, H. B. Water boilers. (19635) Kirby, A. Burners for liquid fuel. (19464) Kirke, P. St. G. Waste heat boilers. (19753) Kirke, P. St. G. Gas-fired steam generators and appa- ratus for heating liquids. (19754) Kruse, H. Conveyers. (19484) Lamb, M. C., and Pennington, A. J. Treatment of coal, water, etc., and in removal of substances therein. (19386) Lyon, J. W. Expansion joints for boiler flues. (19628) McLay, J. A. Utilisation of exhaust or low-pressure steam. (19507) Matthewman, W., and Sandow, E. Internal combustion engines. (19620) Mohn, A. A. Liquid hydrocarbon burners of the injection type. (19470) Prangnell, N. W. Internal combustion engines. (19473) Pyburn, G. Manufacture of wire ropes. (19651) Pyburn, G. Haulage wire ropes. (19652) Renkin, W. O. Apparatus for feeding pulverised or finely divided fuel, etc. (19758) Ricardo, H. R. Multi-cylinder internal combustion engines. (19588) Ricardo, H. R. Internal combustion engines. (19589) Ritson, H. L. Retort discharger for gas works, etc. (19516) Robertson, W. B. J. Cutting and pressing peat, etc. (19392) Sieurin, P. W. Winches. (19571) Smith, D. J. Gas producers. (19697) (Soc. Franco-Beige de Fours a Coke.) Treatment of gases producing distillation, coking, or gasifying coal, etc. (19677) South Metropolitan Gas Company. Burners for liquid fuel. (19464) Sparks, S. H. Internal combustion engines. (19711) Spence, W. L. Belt conveyers, etc. (19377) Stickney, G. P. Boilers and their furnaces. (19380) Svenska Turbinfabriks Aktiebolaget Ljungstrom. Re- versible power transmission device for steam and gas turbines. (19611) Todd, I. Steam boiler and economiser water circulator. (19368) Complete Specifications Accepted. (To be published on December 19.) [Note.—The number following the application is that which the specification will finally bear.] 1917. 317. Gobe, A., and Diard, H. Two-stroke cycle internal combustion engines. (103301) 15663. Gibbs, G. J. Apparatus for softening and purifying water, metering fluids or the like. (120752) 16879. Maker, H. Recovery and utilisation of the cyanides contained in the by-products obtained in gas works. (120759) 17064. Bates, W. R., and Walker, H. R. L. Conveyer and its application for drying, mixing, screening, and other processes. (120764) 17134. Cummins, W. R. Internal combustion engines. (120769) 17139. Alldays and Onions Pneumatic Engineering Com- pany and Nicholson, A. Gaseous or liquid fuel burners. (120770) 17168. Carey, R. F. Engines, motors, pumps, or like apparatus. (120773) 17354. Alley, S. E. Construction of steam engines and the like. (120779) 17555. Rickwood, T. J. Surveying instruments. (120784) 17612. Grammont, E. Electric furnaces. (120786) 17636. George, J. W. Rotary internal combustion engines. (120787) 18382. Mavor and Coulson, and Moore, M. S. Cutter disc machines for use in mining coal and other minerals. (120805) 1918. 71. Bell, A. C., and Bell, T. R. Alternating current motors. (120822) 6801. Doyle, T. E. Raising and drying peat. (120850) 7532. Thuman, F. Apparatus for feeding fuel or other material to gas producers or other chambers. 120853) 9750. British Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Electric motor control systems. (116724) 12004. Stenstrom, P. A. Rotary pump, blower, or ex- hauster of the revolvink cylinder type. (120865) 17312. F.I.A.T. Soc. Anon. Internal combustion engines. (120873) Complete Specifications open to Public Inspection Before Acceptance. [Note.—The number following the application is that which the specification will finally bear.] 1918. 3189. Soc. Anon, des Etablissements L. Bleriot. Heat interchanging apparatus. (120875) 13090. Soc. Anon, des Etablissements L. Bleriot. Electric installations. (120877) 15440. Demont, B, Air-cooled explosion engines. (120881) 18056. Momberge, L. F. Rotary engine. (120900) 18247. Alliata, G. Devices on furnaces indicating the state of combustion and regulating the latter at the same time. (120903) 18286. British Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Steam condensers. (120905) 18585. British Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Dynamo-electric machines. (120911) 19066. Aktiebolaget Ingenidrsfirma F. Egnell. Gas analysing apparatus. (120921) 19166. Fortunesco, N. J. Rotary engine. (120926) 19322. Soc. Le Coke Industrial Soc. Anon. Apparatus for the separation of coke or carbon from slag, etc. (120932) Application for Restoration of Lapsed Patent. The Universal Turbine Company have made application for the restoration of the patent for “ Improvements in fluid pressure or steam turbine engines,” numbered 614 of 1913. Notice of opposition may be lodged at the Patent Office, 25, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C. 2, on or before January 27, 1919. GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. *#* Any of the following publications may be obtained on application at this office at the price named post free. Colonial Reports—Annual. No. 975: Malta—Report for 1917-18. (London : Published by H.M.S.O) Price 2d. PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. An Introduction to Trade Unionism, by G. D. H. Cole (Trade Union Series No. 4), 5s. net; The Payment of Wages : A Study in Payment by Results under the Wage System, by G. D. H. Cole (Trade Union Series No. 5), price 6s. net (published by the Fabian Research Department, 25, Tothill-street, S.W. 1, and ‘Allen and Unwin Limited, 40, Museum-street, W.C. 1); The Excess Profits Duty and Profits of Controlled Estab- lishments, by Spicer and Pegler (H. Foulks Lynchand Company Limited, 61, Watling-street, E.C. 4), price 10s. 6d. net; The Decimal Educator (Vol. 1, No. 2), December 1918 (published by the Decimal Association, 212 and 213, Finsbury Pavement House, London, E.C. 2), price Is.; Journal of the Western Society of Engineers (Vol. 23, No. 5), May 1918, 50 cents a single number; Ministerio de Foment©—Boletin Oficial de Minas y Metalurgia (Ano 2, Num. 17, Octubre 1918. The President of the Board of Trade informed a depu- tation, on Monday, that passenger trains were being rushed between England and France, to bring back miners from the Front as quickly as possible, but the restrictive regulations as to coal could not be relaxed yet. Mr. Chas. J. Bagley, who has successfully managed the affairs of the South Durham Steel and Iron Company Limited, since its inception 20 years ago, is retiring at the end of the year. Mr. Bagley will remain on the board of directors, and will be succeeded in office by Mr. Benj. Talbot.