760

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN

April 12, 1918.

When toluol containing this undesirable component or
impurity is washed with sulphuric acid and sulphonated,
5 per cent, or more unsulphonated material will appear.
Whatever this component or impurity may be, a substance
containing it, and therefore relatively impure and useless
for many purposes, can be utilised as a source from which
to obtain, by usual or well known methods, the pure or
normal product, free from such undesirable component or
impurity. The process consists in heating the impure
hydrocarbon in the absence of air to produce vapour
and decompose the impurity, and recovering the vapour
in liquid form, as a source from which to obtain the
pure product by known methods. (Two claims.)

112997. Improvements relating to the Distillation of
Oil Shales. G. E. Heyl, King’s House, Kingsway,
London, W.C.—This invention relates to means for pro-
moting the distillation of oil from shale and its object
and result is to give a better yield of oil from shale than
has hitherto been attained by the known process whereby
already an increased net yield of oil is obtained by per-
forming the distilling operation in the presence of, or
together with, a liquid hydrocarbon, such as mineral oil
or coal-tar oil. According to the invention the shale
is soaked or steeped for a considerable period, for instance,
for 24 hours, in the liquid hydrocarbon before being
distilled therewith. Also the distillation is preferably
effected in two or more stages, a proportion of the liquid
hydrocarbon being added to the shale between the stages.
A small volume of liquid hydrocarbon relatively to the
volume of shale will suffice for the operation. Using-
coal-tar oil which distils at about 220 degs. Cent., for
example, a volume of oil equal to 10 per cent, of the
mass of the shale is used first to wet the shale, and
the mixture is distilled up to and at a temperature of
220 degs. Cent. The residue remaining in the still is
then allowed to cool and another 10 per cent, of the oil
is added thereto, and this mixture is distilled to about
400 degs. Cent. The net yield of oil obtained by this
process, after deduction of the added 20 per cent, of
coal-tar oil, will be greater than is obtainable by the
distillation processes hitherto employed. (Two claims.)

112967. Improvements in Coking Ovens. D.
Campbell and C. Goodyear, 704, Standard Bank Building,
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.—This invention
relates to a method of producing coke and recovering
the by-products from the volatile constituents of the coal,
of the character in which a downward draught is induced
through a charge of coal heated to a red glow in a coking
oven, so that the heat from the upper strata of the charge
is drawn downwardly through the same, and in which
the volatile constituents given off during the coking of
the charge are also drawn downwardly and are collected
at a point below the charge and conducted to the place
of condensation. Fig. 1 is a vertical section on the line
1—1 in fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan on the line 2—2 in fig. 1
with parts of the floor bricks removed. In these drawings
2 represents the firebrick-lined dome structure of the
walls and roof, 3 being the closable aperture in the crown
through which the oven is charged with coal, and
opposite the flue the side door opening 5, through which
the coke charge of the oven is withdrawn. The floor 6
of the oven is uniformly sloped at a slight angle toward
the side door 5 to facilitate withdrawal of the charge
and the particular construction of the floor is as follows :—
From a position 7 a short distance from the wall of the
oven the sub-floor 8, constructed of fire-brick, drops
vertically for about 18 in., and therefrom slopes conically
to a central well aperture 9 which is covered with a
grating 10 and from which a branch pipe 12, closable
with a stop-cock, leads to the condensers in which the
by-products are recovered. The conical space within the
sub-floor 8 is filled and packed with heavy gravel or
rock of a size about 2 in., and on the upper surface of
this gravel fire-brick tiles 15 are laid in parallel rows
toward the side of the oven in which is the side door
5 with an interspace of about 3 in. between each row of
tiles. These tiles 15 are bedded on fire-clay on the
surface of the heavy gravel to ensure a uniformly plane
surface, the plane being sloped toward the side door at
the grade of the floor level 6. Along the side edges of
these tiles 15 firebricks 16 are bedded and jointed with
fire-clay, the upper sides of the bricks being checked,
as at 17, for a reason which will be explained later,
and along the middle of each row of tiles 15, between
the rows 16, fire-bricks 18 are bedded and jointed, which
bricks are without checks on their upper sides. The
space between the adjacent bricks 16, that is, between
each row of tiles, is filled with coarse gravel to the level
of the checks 17. Resting on the upper sides of the
bricks 16 are fire-bricks 20, the width of the bricks
extending slightly beyond the width between the outsides
of those 16; and resting on each middle row of bricks
18 is a row of bricks 21, the middle of each side of
which for a depth of about 2 in. is checked, as at 22,
to form interspaces between them and the bricks 20, and
therebeneath the sides of these bricks are bevelled inward
as at 23, to where they seat upon the bricks 18. These
bricks 20 and 21 form the floor of the coke oven, which
is therefore provided with parallel interspaces 22 through
which the volatile matter from the coal being coked may
freely pass into the trap channels 19 between the rows
of bricks 16 and 18 and therefrom through the checks
17 into the gravel-filled interspace and through the gravel-
filled conical space of the sub-floor 8 to the central well
9. to be conducted through the pipe 12 to the condensers.
The trap channels 19 of each row of tiles are toward the
front of the oven, connected together, as at 25, and each
connected pair is provided with a separate closable cover
plate 26 through which any accumulation of dust, etc.,
trapped in the channels may be periodically withdrawn.
In the roof of the oven above the uptake flue, a steam
injector 27 is inserted and is obliquely directed down-
ward, that its jet may not directly impinge on the surface
of the charge. In use, the oven is charged through the
central aperture 3 to a depth of about 3 ft., or to the
approximate level of the upper side of the side door
opening 5, which doorway is closed, preferably by brick-
ing it up. The charge being kindled on the top adjacent
the side door 5, the draught is first taken through the
uptake flue 4 and the fire is allowed to spread over the
whole upper surface of the charge until it attains a
red glow. Thereafter the uptake flue is closed, and a
draught is induced by a rotary pump or otherwise,
through the gas delivery pipe 12, and this down draught
is assisted by a stream of air and steam at the injector 27.
The heat from the upper strata of the charge is thus
drawn downward through it, the uniform distribution
of the interspacing apertures 22 of the floor 6 and the
conical form of the sub-floor 8 ensuring the uniform dis-
tribution of the down draught through the whole surface
of the charge. The volatile matter from the coal, released
by the heat, passes as before described into the trap

channels 19, and therefrom through the checks 17 and
through the gravel in the conical space between the floor
6 and the sub-floor 8, and is delivered through the pipe
12 to the necessary condensers, washers and scrubbers,
and the residual carburetted hydrogen gas may be
utilised for the generation of steam in any convenient
manner for the operation of the coking plant. With this
construction of oven the quality and quantity of the coke
produced is improved, and all available condensable
residues are recovered as by-products. (Twelve claims.)

No. 113081.

No. 112967

113081. Improvements in Winding or Hoisting
Machinery. Siemens-Schuckertwerke, G.m.b.H., Siemens-
stadt, near Berlin.—This invention has reference to
hoisting or winding machinery of the kind in which a
counterbalancing rope is associated with the cage or with
each cage. According to the invention, the bottom or
compensating rope has one end only connected to a cage,
the other end being connected to an auxiliary rope, which
extends over an auxiliary pulley at the top of the shaft
and then passes down to the top of the same cage. Fig. 1
illustrates an arrangement in which a compensating rope
is connected with one cage or one rope-end only. Fig. 2
illustrates a corresponding arrangement having a com-
pensating rope connected with each cage. Referring
more particularly to fig. 1, 1 and 2 represent two drums
which are coupled together and provided with braking
arrangements, and 3 and 4 are the top or main winding
ropes which run over the said drums 1 and 2 and over
the two rope-pulleys 5 and 6, down to the two cages 7
and 8 in the usual manner. The bottom or compensating
rope 10 is attached at one end only to a single cage 8.
Its other end is connected at 15 to an auxiliary rope 12,
which runs over an elevated rope pulley 14 and is then
brought down and fastened to the cage 8. The said
bottom rope 10 hangs in the known U-shaped loop, so
that, as shown, a portion of its weight acts downwards,
the other and longer portion pulling upwards on the
cage. The connecting point 15 between the lower rope
and the auxiliary rope, may, in order to prevent jerking
on the ropes, be provided with a guide, which, for
example, can be constructed as a slide running between
side pieces or rails. If the weight per length-unit of the
bottom rope 10 is made the same as that of the top rope
plus the auxiliary rope, then when winding is effected
from the greatest depth, a complete rope compensation
is obtained. When winding is effected between or to
intermediate stages a rope compensation certainly exists
after stopping of the drums, but an' additional rotary
moment is thrown upon the winding engine, acting con-
stantly in one direction, so that the total rotary moment
for the two directions of rotation is unequal. To obviate
this disadvantage two bottom ropes may be employed,
independently, one for each cage, as shown in fig. 2.
The bottom rope 9, the auxiliary rope 11 and the pulley
13 belong to the cage 7. The remaining parts corre-
spond with those having similar numerals in fig. 1. For
ensuring exact rope compensation, the weights of the
length units of the two bottom ropes are made equal
to the corresponding weight of the top rope plus the
auxiliary rope. Beyond the rope compensation, however,
a further modification of the rotary moments can be
attained if each bottom rope is made equal to the top
rope. In this case the rotary moments are reduced during
the lifting or winding in, and increased during the lower-
ing or running out, so that the load or output of the
motor is reduced during the running in. Moreover,
under certain circumstances negative movements are
entirely avoided when the brake action is effected. It
is also possible to have as many intermediate stages as
may be desired, the bottom ropes being made lighter or
heavier accordingly. Obviously, instead of using a rope
at 12 a chain or other supporting device might be
employed. (Four claims.)

113199. Manufacture of Bricks, Blocks, etc., from
Dolomite. A. Rollason, 13, Lime-grove, Long Eaton,
Derby.—This invention has for its object the manufacture
of hard bricks, blocks, and the like, from dolomite by an
improved process in which silica, alumina, or any suitable
clays, are used for cementation purposes, and the bricks,
blocks, and the like, subjected to heat treatment whilst
in the kiln. In the manufacture of bricks, blocks, and
the like, from dolomite, the improved process consists
in roasting dolomite at a high temperature for a sufficient
period until the resultant product is converted into a
semi-fused or hard granular non-absorbent condition,
crushing the said resultant product to a fine state, and
adding between one and five per cent., approximately,
of finely crushed dry silica, or suitable siliceous clay, mixing
the whole of said materials thoroughly together and damp-
ing with water or other liquid, or mixing with hot
de-hydrated tar, pressing into bricks, blocks, and the like
articles, heating in a kiln to the temperature of the fusion
of the silica or siliceous clay employed, subsequently
raising the temperature of the kiln to, and maintaining
it slightly higher than, that of fusion of the cementing
materials, again lowering the temperature to below that
of fusion and then slowly raising it up. to, and maintain-
ing it at the highest temperature attainable in the kiln.
(Two claims.)

Mr. F. K. Cooke, F.C.I.S., F.L.A.A., late secretary
of the Unbreakable Pulley and Mill-gearing Company
Limited, and the Cooper Roller Bearings Company, London
and Manchester, has been appointed secretary to John
Wood and Sons Limited, of Barley Brook Foundry and
Engineering Works, Wigan.

NEW PATENTS CONNECTED WITH THE
COAL AND IRON TRADES.

Applications for Patents.

April 2 to 6 (inclusive).

[Note.—Applications arranged alphabetically under the
names of the applicants (communicators in parentheses).
A new number will be given on acceptance, which will
replace the application number.]

(Atock, G.) Liquid fuel burners for furnaces of locomotive
boilers, etc. (5781)

Bernard, D. H. Boxes or cases for first aid, food in
case of shipwreck, mine accidents, etc. (5906, 5907)

Brazil, Straker and Company. Internal-combustion
engines. (5876)

Brown, F. M., and Davies, A. E. Signalling device for
colliery winding engines, etc. (5904)

Brown, R. J. Wainwright-, and Bullock, P. W. Rotary
pumps, etc. (5705, 5706)

Chapman, P. L. Internal-combustion engines. (5910)
Chappell, C. A. Internal-combustion engines. (5916)
Clarke, E. F. Lifting and transporting apparatus. (5925)
Cook, S. S., Douglas, L. M., and Parsons, Sir C. A.

Geared turbine systems. (5926)

Craig, G. Recovering potash salts from blast furnaces.
(5653)

Davies, W. E. Coke ovens, and carbonisation of coal.

(5597)

Fedden, A. H. R. Internal-combustion engines. (5876)
Fell, L. F. R. Internal-combustion engines. (5726)
Fonderie Officine Frejus Automobili Diatto. Combined
engine and compressor. (5690)

Fonderie Officine Frejus Automobili Diatto. Apparatus
for regulating pressure of, and cooling, compressed
air, or other fluid. (5691)

Freer, W. Liquid fuel, and process for manufacturing
same. (5805)

(General Engineering Company.) Burning liquid fuel.

(5865)

Gontermann, W. Thomas process for production of steel.

(5811)

Hale, J. M. Firebars and bridges for boiler, etc.,
furnaces. (5895)

Handoll, H. Rotary pumps. (5688)

Helps, G. Vaporising or spraying liquid fuel. (5700)

Helps, G. Process for manufacture of a producer gas
for lighting, heating, and power. (5701)

Helps, G. Burners. (5702)

Jones, F. J. S. Overload release hook for steam and
motor tractors, hoists, etc. (5621)

Jones, S. Device for utilising waste explosive and exhaust
gases. (5695)

Langman, R. E. and T. E. Windlass gear. (5903)

Levi, H. Refractory substances. (5592)

Mitchell, A. H. Lifting and transporting appliance.

(5707)

Paterson, B. Rotary internal-combustion engine. (5744)
Price, W. A. Dynamo-electric machines. (5633)
Ricardo, H. R. Internal-combustion engines. (5797)
Rodgerson, W. J. Fluid-pressure engine control devices.

(5818)

Royle, W. Automatic flue joints for steam boilers.

(5647)

Schauermann, F. L. Liquid fuel, and process for
manufacturing same. (5805)

Ten Bosch, A. Removing water from peat. (5692)
Thomson, H. A. Rotary internal-combustion engines.

(5583)

Webb, C. Differential system for internal-combustion
engines. (5819)

West, J., and Wold, W. Charging retorts or chambers
for destructive distillation of carbonaceous materials.
(5788)

White, J. W. Aerial wire ropeways. (5761, 5762)
Wilson, W. W. Well-boring apparatus. (5718)

Complete Specifications Accepted.

To be published on April 25.

[Note.—The number following the application is that
which the specification will finally bear.]

1917.

2711. Shiner, A. E. Rotary pump. (114322)

4112. Hamilton, W. B. Manufacture of grey cast iron.
(114328)

4292. Jackson, W. J. Mellersh- (Stein et Cie., C. M.).
Hot-blast stoves used in connection with blast
furnaces. (114333)

4496. Soc. Anon, des Turbo-Moteurs a Combustion.
Combustion turbines. (106994)

4501. Scanes, A. E. L. Manometers. (114340)

4602. Jackson, W. J.	Mellersh- (Diamond Power

Specialty Company). Boiler cleaners. (114342)

4648. General Engineering Company. Steam generators.
(110151)

4871. International Stream Flow Turbine Company.
Hydraulic current motors. (107369)

5033. Montgomery, P. W. Two-stroke internal-combus-
tion engine. (105752)

6821. Richmond Gas Stove and Meter Company, and
Thompson, J. Steel furnaces. (114359)

8242. Hoffmann, R. E. Centrifugal, turbine, or similar
pumps. (114366)

8789. Anderson, W. Carbonisation of pitch. (114371)

8985. Biddles, G. H. Appliances for lighting fires.
(114372)

10838. Jackson, W. J. Mellersh- (Diamond Power
Specialty Company). Boiler cleaners. (114381)

10975. Heinrich, H. Rotary engines. 108488.

11283. Glenn, W. S., and McDonnell, P. Coal saving
arrangement for steam boilers. (114384)

16290. Thuman, F. (Chrisman, C. S.). Gas washboxes.
(114397)

17026. Okrassa, R. F. E. Steam boilers. (114403)

17678. Spencer, A. Apparatus for lubricating the journals
of railway axles and the like. (114404)

Complete Specifications Open to Public Inspection Before
Acceptance.

[Note.—The number following the application is that
which the specification will finally bear.]

1917.

12856. Shannon, H. Liquid fuel. (114411)

18760. Soc. Anon, pour 1’Exploitation des Brevets
Schoedelin. Fans. (114415)

It is believed that the Canadian Government will grant
a bounty to stimulate production of iron and steel from
British Columbia ores.