352 THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN. February 16, 1917. delivery of 'an emulsion or oil or the like, for preliminary treatment of the distillate gases such as for the control of temperature and degree of saturation of the said gases. Each pipe connects with nozzles, which terminate just inside the longitudinal passage. (Three claims.) 103274. Improvements in Means for Imparting Motion to Reciprocating Air Columns for Operating Percussion Tools and the like. H. Christiansen, of 80, Fahltskamp, Pinne- berg, Germany.—Relates to machines for imparting motion to reciprocating air columns, which air columns can be employed in turn for the operation of percussion tools, the alternate to and fro movements of the air columns causing the reciprocation of a piston hammer, which, in its move- ment in one direction, strikes the rear end of the tool proper, such, for example, as a rock tool or chisel. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section; fig. 2 a cross section on the line A—B of fig. 1; and fig. 3 a longitudinal section of a piston on the line C—D of fig. 2. a is a cylinder, to which is secured a. casing b for the reception of the driving wheels r1 and r2: The cylinder a is closed at its two ends by cover plates c1 and c2. In the cylinder a are mounted two pistons d1 and d2, adapted to be moved towards and away from one another, and composed of two parts connected together by two bolts, e1, e1. The two halves of each piston form a straight guide y1 or f2 for a, crank slide i1, k1, or i2, k2. Each of the crank shafts g1, g2 has a total length less than that of the. internal diameter of the cylinder a, so that each of the pistons d1, d2 can be inserted into the cylinder a from one end, after the crank .shafts g1, g2 have been mounted. Each crank shaft is mounted in position by placing the crank shaft (g1 or g2) with its crank pin h1 or h2 and one bearing cap i1 or i2 in one half of the guide f1 or f2, then placing the other bearing cap k1 or k2 on the crank pin, and finally placing the other half of the piston d1 or d2 in position, and bolting it to the first half of the piston. The bearings for the two outer ends of each crank shaft consist of one-part bushes w1, m1 or a ----1— &__ m2, m2, which are more suitable for this purpose than two- part bearings. The bushes m1, m1 and m2, m2 are inserted through suitable cylindrical holes in the cylinder a, and passed over the ends of the crank shafts t?1, g2, which have been brought into the correct position, the bushes being then secured in the cylinder a. Through one of the hollow ends of each crank shaft g1, g2 is passed a. shaft o1 or o2, and connected to the crank shaft by a key p1 or p2. On the outer ends of the shafts o1, o2, projecting into the casing b, are keyed driving wheels r1, r2. The toothed gear s for driving both wheels simultaneously is mounted between the two wheels, and is mounted either directly upon the motor shaft for effecting the drive or upon a shaft driven there- from. Thus, the two crank shafts g1, g2 turn in the same time through the same angle of movement in opposite direc- tions. The crank shafts g1 and g2 are so adjusted that they both reach the inner dead centre (fig. 1), and after turning through 180 degs., both reach the outer dead centre simul- taneously. Three cylinder spaces are formed, an inner cylinder space, between the two pistons d1 and d2, and two outer cylinder spaces, one between the piston d1 and the cylinder cover c1, and the other between the piston d2 and the cylinder cover c2. The inner cylinder space is connected by a passage t to a port u, to which a line of piping may be connected. The two outer cylinder spaces communicate at their outer ends with ports c1, v2, which are connected by passages w1 and w2 to a. port x provided at the. central plane of the cylinder. (Six claims.) Institution of Petroleum Technologists.—A meeting of the institution will be held on Tuesday, February 20, in the house of the Royal Society of Arts, John-street, Adelphi, London. A paper on “ Liquid Fuel and its Combustion,” by Prof. J. S. S. Brame, will be read. Partnership Dissolved.—The London Gazette announces dissolution of the partnership of W. Torrington and J. Tiller, trading as Tonrington and Tiller, iron, brass, and 'aluminium founders and general engineers, Canal Side Foundry, Yiewsley. Coal and Iron Ore Freights.—The following arrangements have been made with regard to coal and iron ore freight rates for neutral vessels on single voyages. The. coal freights to French Channel and Atlantic ports are increased by 50 per cent, instead of 20 per cent, as previously announced. The coal freights to Italian ports are increased by 12s. in addi- tion to the 50 per cent, addition previously announced. In the case of vessels taking coal on voyage charters to French Bay ports and returning to the United Kingdom from Spain with iron ore, the following are the rates of freight to be paid on the iron ore : Vessels which discharge at St. Nazaire, Rochefort, or adjoining ports, and proceeding to east coast, 37s. 6d.; to north-west coast, 34s. fid.; to Bristol Channel, 32s. fid. Discharging at Bordeaux and proceeding to east coast, 31s. fid.; to north-west coast, 28s. 6 d.; to Bristol Channel, 26s. 6d. Discharging at Bayonne and proceeding to east coast, 29s. 6d.; to north-west coast, 26s. 6d.; to Bristol Channel, 24s. 6d. In the case of vessels taking coal on voyage charters to French or Italian Mediterranean ports and returning with iron ore from a, Mediterranean port, the following are the rates of freight to- be paid on the iron ore : To east; coast, 75s.; to north-west coast, 72s.'; to . Bristol Channel, 70s. MEW PATEMTS CONNECTED WITH THE COAL AND IRON TRADES. Applications for Patents. [Note.—Applications -arranged alphabetically under the names of the applicants . (communicators in parentheses). A new number will be given, on acceptance, which will replace the 'application number.] Adam, W. M. Raising steam. (2031) Appleby, E. G., and Bentley, G. H. Gas producers. (2050). Blundell, W. Smelting furnaces. (1890) Brooke, H. L. Vaporiser for liquid fuels. (1981) Chamier, W. Rolling mills. (2006) Colona, G. C. Generation of gases for light, heat, power, etc. (1779) Commercial. Research Company. Production .of explosive compositions. (1964) ’ Graven Brothers, and Horrocks, A. E. Wharf, etc., cranes having grabs. (2033) Delepine, S. Producing peat fuel or peat coke. (2032) Frantz, A. E. Metal moulds. (1818) Helps, G. Utilisation and combustion of fuel. (1792) Heyl, G. E. Distillation of oil shales. (1865) Holden, R. W. Reversible steam turbine. (2046) Holdsworth, G. B. Automatic elevator. (1788) James, F. A. Rotary internal combustion engines. (1884) John, D. Coupling for railway, etc., vehicles. (2051) Maitland, D. Generation of gases for light, heat, power, etc. (1779) Nelson, J. Refining hydrocarbon oils and spirits. (1864) Pease, E. L. Heait interchanging apparatus for use as gas coolers and purifiers, steam generators, liquid heaters, or concentrators, etc. (1955) Peet, J. Rotary engines, etc. (1944) Riedler, A. Lubricating devices for pistons. (1972) Rogers, F. C. Smelting furnaces. (1890) Rosenberg, J. F. Method of converting highly-viscous mineral oils or residues from distillation of mineral oils into hydrocarbons of less viscosity. (1912) Ruths, J. K. Heat accumulators. (1965) Schraner, E. Process and oven for cementing and temper- ing metal objects. (2057) Sharp, W. Methods of burning coal, cone, etc., and manu- facture of refractory blocks for using in combination with such fuels. (1790) Smith, F. G. Apparatus for stripping ingots from moulds, etc., (1843) Snell, C. Scott-. Apparatus for storing and utilising energy. (1906) Umpleby, F. Internal combustion engines. (1836) Wellman, Seaver, and Head. Apparatus for stripping ingots from moulds, etc. (1843) Complete Specifications Accepted. (To be published on March 1.) 1915. 15467. Lymn, Riley, and Rambush. Gas producers. 1916. [Note.—The number following the application is that which the specification will finally bear.] 1487. Schmidt’sche Heissdampf-Ges. Superheaters, parti- cular! v for use in marine water tube boilers. (100123) 1647. Keiper, H. B. Internal combustion engines. (103687) 1752. Evans, A. G. Water cooling towers and the like. (103691) 1928. White, A. E. (Riter-Conley Manufacturing Company). Apparatus for conveying charges of material from one level to another. (103697) 1934. Oelwerke Stern-Sonneborn. Akt.-Ges. Process of softening water. 2225. Rabett, T. E. H. Apparatus for supplying liquid and gaseous fuel to. internal combustion engines. (103705) 2438. O’Donnell, J. P., Willans, G. H., and Luard, E. S. Feed water heating apparatus for locomotive and other boilers. (103709) 2455. Burleson, H. L., and Prutzman, P. W. Process and apparatus for the distillation and fractiona- tion of petroleum and like liquids. (103710) 3302. Hall, W. A. Process for the production of motor fuel suitable for use in high-speed internal combustion engines. (103720) 4117. Lea, E. G. Drying peat, and apparatus therefor. (103729) 4800. Cormerais, E. Sectional boilers. (100480) 5278. Alldavs and Onions Pneumatic Engineering Com- pany, and McGowan, R. R. Furnace or appar- atus for gasifying or vaporising liquid fuel. (103736) 5711. Schofield, G. H. Safety supporting devices for mine and the like lift cages. (103740) 5994. Matthew, W. Pistons. (103744) 6446. Crossley, K. I., and Webb, W. Le P. Internal com- bustion engines. (103746) 8830. Neil, J. Rocker bars for boiler furnaces and the like. (103763) 0232. Ma/rden, W. Dynamo electric machinery. (103766) 11435. Allgemeine Elektricitats-Ges. Rotors of electrical machines. (101158) 11738. Davis, R. H. Self-contained breathing apparatus. (103780) 12620. Forrester, H. J. C. (Hansell Grate Company). Fur- nace grates. (103783) 13925. Forbes, C. Couplings for railway and like vehicles. (103793) Complete Specifications Open to Public Inspection Before , Acceptance. [Note.—The number following the application is that which the specification will finally bear.] 1916. 4904. Ljungstrom, B., and Ljungstrom, F. Air pumps for evacuating , air from condensers, refrigerating plants, etc. (103808) • ’ • • 11628. Stahlwerke R’. Lindenberg Akt.-Ges. Manufacture of steel alloy. (103809) 11629. Stahlwerke R. Lindenberg Akt.-Ges. Manufacture of ; steel alloy. (103810) ’ - 13749. Aktiebolaget. Ingenionsfirma F. Egnelh Gas analy- sing apparatus. (103812) 16310i Reichinstein, D. Process for protecting surfaces composed oif or containing iron from chemical action. (103814) CATALOGUES AND PRICE LISTS RECEIVED. Barron Expanding Ferrule Company Limited, South Tottenham.—A folder explains “ the ferrule that stops leak- ing tubes,” the principle of which is to make ferrule, tube, and tube plates practically homogeneous, arid therefore not affected by variations of temperature.,. The mode of fitting is exceedingly simple,, and as’ the ferrules are numbered (according to outside diameter) in thirty.-secondths of an inch,, the closest possible accuracy in their use is ensured. Barimar Limited, London, W.—An interesting 20 pp. two- colour folder, giving “ Straight Facts About Welding,” emanates from the pen of Mr. C. AV. Brett, the managing, director of this- well-known firm. Mr. Brett traces the rise of a comparatively new industry, and in a series of short illustrated sketches shows how “ hopeless ” fractures in almost every kind of metal have been made good by Barimar experts, until it was impossible to tell whether the smashed- part was old or new. Copies are sent post free on application to Barimar Limited, 10, Poland-street, W. Perkin and Company Limited, Leeds. — Oxy-acetylene welding has become such a. marked industrial feature of late years, that the manufacture of suitable appliances ranks as; a very important branch of engineering. A list (No. 40) issued by this Leeds firm deals with welding and cutting outfits, flare lights, etc., every item of which is clearly priced, so that the would-be purchaser’s time in correspondence is economised. The specialities include generators (all sizes), burners, carbide receptacles, back pressure safety valves, purifiers, carbide, blow-pipes, regulators, artistic gas fittings, and so on. All dimensions are properly specified in the list. Sterling Telephone and Electric Company Limited, New- castle-on-Tyne.—In a leaflet (No. 252) describing the Ster- ling visual shaft signal for collieries, we note that the system differs from many others which have been described, chiefly with reference to the method of cancelling an old signal when a new one is sent. The manufacturers of the Sterling explain that signals may be given as quickly or as slowly as possible without risk of error. No confusion can arise in the* event of two onsetters attempting to signal at the one time.. By obviating the time element, a valuable feature has been introduced, full particulars of which appear in the illus- trated leaflet under notice. Harry L. B. Crouch Limited, London.—A “ safety cata- logue ” details workmen’s safety and health-protecting appli- ances of the most varied descriptions. Some of these have- an important relationship to colliery work, and have attained, a widespread use. For instance, the “ British Drager ” oxygen smoke helmet (self-contained breathing apparatus) is utilised on active service as well as i n collieries, rescue- stations, etc. Other lines (all of British manufacture.) include a.iir bellows, smoke helmets, the “ British Pulmotor ” automatic resuscitation, the oxygen reviving apparatus, ambulance chest, first-aid outfit, fire appliances, etc. The- company is the successor of Richard Jacobson Limited. Broom and Wade Limited, High Wycombe. — Although comparatively new in mining, the Hyatt flexible roller bear- ing has the recommendation of many years’ successful service in shafting and machine work, and a booklet issued by this firm explains the general economy of this form of bearing in lessening rolling friction. One can summarise the design by saying that it consists of a number of flexible spirally-wound nickel-alloy steel rollers contained in a cage or yoke, and a hard planished spring steel lining for insertion in the housing. The fibre of the steel is at right angles to the fibre- of the axle spindle, and (unlike a solid roller) it has no tendency to mesh into it. The booklet is an unusually interesting epitome of the question of bearings for mining or other work.. PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. “ The Coal Resources of rhe United Kingdom : Economy and Waste,” by A. Lupton (reprinted from the “ Proceed- ings of the South Wales Institute of Engineers ”) (London : Spottiswoode, Ballantyne and Company Limited); “ Cheap Steam,” (Vol. 1, No. 4), January; “ Gassier’s Engineer- ing Monthly,” (Vol. 51, No. 2), February, price Is.; “ Annual Report of the Department of Public Works of Alberta, 1915.” Miners’ Disease.—An outbreak of boils among miners was- reported -at a meeting of the Hemsworth (Yorkshire) Board of Guardians. Mr. Price, a local miners’ leader, said the complaint had made itself felt since the sinking of deep pits in South Yorkshire. Men were off work for 12 weeks with this complaint, which certainly ought to be scheduled as an “ industrial disease.” The Guardians adopted a resolution to this effect. Coal Mining in Belgium. — Under the name of Kohlen Zentrale in Belgien, the Germans have created an organisa- tion for the removal of the output. Belgian industry, how- ever, having to a great extent ceased, the requisitions have not troubled the country. On the contrary, they have proved a source of profit of such importance that relatively large shipments have been made to Holland, Sweden, and Switzer- land. In 1915 some 700,000 tons were exported to Holland. Eleven coal mining concerns in which French capital was invested have been 'sequestrated, and the first care of the German authorities has been to seize their bank funds. From the Societe du Norld de Charleroi, amongst others, they pur- loined over a million francs. The exploitation of the- new coal field at Limbouirg (Campine) began, towards the end of the summer of 1916, at the Winsterlag concession, and the construction of by-products factories wais already in hand when the Germans deported the miners. Work has ceased. The coal output of Belgium in 1915 wa.s 14,238,172 tons. The normal output being some 23,000,000 tons, there is thus a. decrease of about 9,000,000 tons. The publication.,. Stahl und Eisen, which supplied these figures, adds that the output in the invaded Departments of Northern France was approximately 150,000 tons per month, or 1,800,000 tons for the year. For 12 important concerns (Nord de Charleroi,. Ressai, Kessales, Patience-et-Beaujonc, Ham-sur-Sambre,. Bonne-Fin, Bois de Micheroux, Maurage, Chevalieres, Est de Liege, Unis Guest de Mons, and Grande Machine) the aggre- gate profit in 1915 was 5,971,122 fr. The previous average had been 9,450,000 fr. These 12 companies, therefore, have- only lost some 3,500,000 fr. profit. The less considerable mining companies having made relatively smaller profits, owing to the insufficiency of their plant, the general decrease in profits may be put at 50 per cent. But profits there have been, and of Belgium’s 120 mining enterprises one-fifth have been able to distribute a dividend.