470

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN.

September 8, 1916.

ABSTRACTS OF PATENT SPECIFICATIONS

RECENTLY ACCEPTED.

5451 (1915). Improvements in connection with Rock
Hammer Drills and the like. F. E. Kewley and J. A.
Corner, both of 26, New Station-road. Fishponds, Bristol.;—
Relates to rock drills of the hammer type in which the recipro-
cating piston rod has straight and helical surfaces or grooves,
engaged by keys on the walls of the drill stock, and on the
interior of the rotary part of a ratchet clutch. Fig. 1 is a
part sectional longitudinal elevation of one form of the inven-
tion, in which the rotation of the drill takes place upon
the return or inoperative stroke; fig. 2 is a side view of the
mechanism with the lowTer half of the clutch lifted looking
in the direction of the right hand arrow across line C I)
(fig. 1); fig. 3 is a view looking in the direction of the left
hand arrow on line C D (fig. 1), with the piston rod removed,
showing the straight splines on the drill stock. The piston
rod or stem 1 of the rock hammer drill, which is caused to
reciprocate within, the device in any known manner, is
formed with a helical groove or key-way 21 at one or more
places upon its outer periphery, two of such helical key-
ways being provided in the form illustrated. The piston rod
or stem is also provided with a longitudinal key-way 211.
Surrounding the piston rod or stem 1 are the clutch parts and
drill stock; these consist in the form shown in fig. 1 of an
upper part 4 which is screwed or otherwise made fast within
a race 9 which functions as .a stuffing box to the piston rod 1,
and is formed with an eccentricity 9l so as to obviate its
turning within the body 6 of the drill. The clutch part 4
is toothed on its underside as at 7, and engages with the

^2.

mobile counter part 8 similarly toothed as at la, to engage
the other clutch part 4. A spring 11 is interposed between
the underside of the mobile clutch counterpart 8, and a bush-
ing 20 disposed between the same and the drill socket top 10,
so that said counterpart is under spring pressed engagement
with the clutch part 4, the counter part 8 being so fitted as to
leave sufficient play upon its seating as to enable the toothed
portions to separate and relatively rotate. The clutch part 8
is provided with one or more feathers 811, which engage with
the helical key-ways 21 on the piston rod or stem 1, and the
drill stock 12 is provided with a raised key 121 engaging with
longitudinal key-way 211 on the piston rod or stem 1. The
shape of the teeth of the clutch parts is as shown in the inset
figure in fig. 1, which admits of motion in one direction
between the parts, but of locking engagement when the
tendency to turn is imparted in the reverse direction. The
piston in its descent is packed against fluid egress by the
clutch race 9, and the lower part 8 of the clutch turns owing
to the helical surface 21 of the piston 1, engaging the clutch
counter part key 811, no rotary motion on this stroke being
imparted to the drill socket 12. On the return stroke of the
piston the clutch part 8 becomes locked, and thereby causes
the piston to revolve, and in so doing the piston rod carries
with it in its revolution the drill stock 12. Upon continuance
of this operation the drill stock which carries the drill (not
shown) has a rotary motion in one direction imparted to it
by a series of regular intermittent movements. (Two
claims.)

6873 (1915). Improvements relating to the Manufacture
of Gas. The Anglo-Mexican Petroleum Products Company
Limited, of Finsbury-pavement, London, and R. P.
Brousson, of the same address.—The object is to enable the
output of gas to be increased, or enriched, or both, more
economically than is possible with existing methods and
without the use of special machinery or plant. Bitumen
derived from the distillation of petroleum is mixed with coal
in suitable proportions and treated in retorts in the way coal
is ordinarily treated, thus obtaining a greater output of gas
than can be obtained from a corresponding amount of coa]
alone, and even from corresponding amounts of coal and
bitumen treated separately in retorts. The bitumen pre-
ferred is produced by carrying the normal petroleum distilla-
tion process to a further stage than is usual for the produc-
tion of bitumen, which, on cooling, becomes a hard black
mass that is brittle or capable of being readily broken either
by hand or in an ordinary coal cracker, and is refractory
in the sense that the temperature required to completely
carbonise it in the retorts, though probably somewhat lower,
will approach more or less closely that required to carbonise
the coal. The desired proportion of bitumen, reduced if need
be to the required size, is thoroughly mixed with the coal to
be carbonised, the mixture being made before charging into
the retorts or in the retorts and the gas-making conducted in
the usual way, care being taken that the temperature of
carbonisation is not too low, and that sufficient space is left
above the charges in the retorts for fixing the gases. The
proportion of bitumen may be varied according to particular
requirements and qualities of coal used. With charges com-
prising 95 to 92| per cent, of good quality coal and 5 to 7|
per cent, of bitumen, the output of gas per ton is consider-
ably increased, the candle pow’er or calorific value being
maintained substantially the same. The yield of gas
obtained from the mixture is considerably more than the
yield of gas from corresponding amounts of coal and bitumen
carbonised separately. Although higher percentages of
bitumen may possibly be used with advantage, they will
not give correspondingly high yields of gas; moreover, it
should be borne in mind that with high percentages of
bitumen difficulties may occur, such as excessive flame or
flare during charging and deposit of liquid bitumen at the
cooler ends of retorts of the horizontal type. (Two claims.)

9771 (1915). Improvements in Respiratory Apparatus.
\V. J. H. King, of 25, York House, Kensington, London.—
The primary object is to provide apparatus whereby air may
be alternately forced into and withdrawn from the lungs of
a partially asphyxiated person. A small rotary fan or
blower with means for rotating it is mounted in a casing to
which is attached a face piece or mask and a cock which
can be turned by means of a handle into either of two posi-
tions, to connect the intake of the fan to the atmosphere
and the delivery to the mouthpiece or to connect the intake

to the mouthpiece and the delivery to the atmosphere, so
that, whilst the fan is continuously rotated in the same
direction, by turning the cock at suitable intervals air may
be alternately forced into and withdrawn from the lungs.
Fig. 1 is a section, and fig. 2 is a section on the line 4—4;
fig. 1, through the cock regulating the ■air supply to the
mouthpiece. A fan a is mounted on a spindle b in a casing
c, and is driven by a spring motor which is wound up by a
handle c1 projecting from the casing c. In a mouthpiece d
are two orifices e and f connected to the fan chamber by

passages g and h respectively. The passage of air is regu-
lated by a cock having a plug i turned by a handle j in a
shell k. The plug i is divided into two parts by a partition
I. In one part of the plug i are two parts m1, m2, and in
the other part are three ports n1, n2, n3. In the shell k are
three orifices e, e1, e2, which can register with the ports
m1, m2, and also four orifices f, fl, f2, f3, which can register
with the ports n1, n2, n3. When the plug is in the position
shown in fig. 1, air enters through the orifice e1 and port
m2, and passes through the port m1 and orifice e2 alon^ the
passage g to the fan a and thence along the passage h to
the orifice fl and port n1 through the port n2 to the orifice
f in the mouthpiece. When the plug is turned, the air
passes, as is shown in fig. 2, from the orifice e in the
mouthpiece through the port m1 and out through the port
m2 and orifice e2 along passage g to the fan and thence along
the passage h to the orifice f3 and port n3 and out through
the port n2 and orifice f2 to the atmosphere. (Two claims.)

8906 (1915). Improvements relating to Firebars for the
Furnaces of Steam Generators. L. Jenkins, of 42,
Sheppard-street, Pontypridd.—Relates to firebars for the
furnaces of steam generators. Fig. 1 is an elevation of a
firebar, and fig. 2 is a sectional elevation, through a
grate of such firebars on the line x—y of fig. 1. The bars a
have their tops a1 formed as a ridge with inclined faces
extending downwardly on each side of the centre of the bar
and of the ridge a short distance, so that the space b between
the bars a near the top is widened upwardly. The faces a2
of the bars a from the lines at which the inclined faces of
the top a1 terminate are slightly inclined inwardly towards
the bottom of the bar, so that the space c between the bars is
gradually contracted from
the bottom to a position
beyond the middle and
then extends outwardly
up to the top of the
ridges. The spaces c
between the respective bars
are for the main part of
their length gradually con-
tracted and form a space of
substantially the same
dimensions as the adjacent
section of the Liars except
that the space is reversed.
The bars a are each pro
vided at or near the middle with integral distance pieces d,
one upon each side of each bar, and at each end and upon
each side, with integral distance pieces e, which extend
beyond the respective sides of the bar to the same extent as
the respective distance pieces d, so that the bars may be
caused to abut against each other by contact of the pieces
d and e so as to maintain the interstitial spaces b c uniform
and of substantially the same size as the adjacent section of
the bars. The integral bosses e serve as the respective ends
of the bars upon which the bars rest in position, and the
bars extend from the bosses e downwardly towards the
middle. (One claim.)

9418 (1915). Improvements in Cracking Heavy Hydro-
carbon Oils. W. Higgins, 38a, Quill-lane, Putney, London,
S.W.—Relates to the treatment of relatively heavy liquid
hydrocarbons to render them useful for purposes for which
lighter liquid hydrocarbons are employed. The heavy liquid
hydrocarbons are subjected to heat for the purpose of
distillation by being passed through a retort pipe of an
undulating form, the pipe being bent at those positions at
which heat is to be applied, where the liquid is held during
heating, the liquid being thus heated and distilled and the
vapour or so much of the vapour as is produced passing to a
condenser. By such means the liquid is rendered of akwer
specific gravity. In the
apparatus shown in the
drawing, the crude oil is
fed from a tank a through
a feed pipe b advantageously
of copper under control of a
valve c, into the retort
pipe d. The latter is bent
to a curvature in two posi-
tions indicated e and /, and
heat is applied at the lower
part of the bends thus pro-
vided in the pipe. The
hydrocarbon passes through
the pipe d, and discharges
into a water-jacketed con-

denser g, thence passing into a
apparatus is set into operation heat is applied at the bends
e and f, and the valve c is then opened, whereby the crude
or heavy oil slowly flows into the first bend and is more or
less vaporised, and the hydrocarbon thence slowly passes
into the second bend, where it is again heated, and the liquid
further vaporised, the hydrocarbon thence passing through
the condenser g. (One claim.)

11933 (1915). Improved Valve Mechanism for Internal
Combustion and Other Engines. P. Riley, of Castle Works,
Coventry.—Relates to improved valve mechanism for the
internal combustion and other engines, and has mainly for
its object to allow a disc valve tc correctly register with ports
in the cylinder head and valve cover, said valve being
arranged as a strap on an eccentric and having teeth gears
with a fixed ring of teeth. Fig. 1 is a section of a seven-
cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine in which the
cylinders are placed around the crank shaft, and fig. 2 is

receiving tank h. Before the

an end view of the valve mechanism, the valve cover being
removed, a is a crank shaft similar to that shown in Patent
No. 18204 of 1914, and 1 to 7 are the seven cylinders
arranged around it. b is a shaft driven from the crank shaft
a through gear wheels c1, c2, c3, c4 such that the crank shaft
a makes two revolutions to one of an eccentric d mounted
on the shaft b. e is a cylinder head provided with seven
inlet ports f and seven exhaust ports g arranged con-
centrically and equidistant, h are seven starting points
similarly arranged, but in a smaller circle; i is an internal
ring of teeth on the cylinder head e. j is a valve cover
bolted to the head e and similarly provided with ports, k
is a disc valve mounted as a strap on the eccentric d and
located between the head e .and cover j. This disc is pro-
vided with six ports I arranged concentrically and equi-
distant around its face and adapted to open the inlet ports
f and exhaust ports g and also with six concentrically
arranged ports m adapted to open the starting points h.
Each port I is divided by a partition into two parts to pre-
vent communication between an exhaust and an inlet port
when a port I is partly in line with both at the same time.
The disc k is provided with teeth n on its periphery, which
engage with the ring of teeth i on the cylinder head e. The
teeth n are to the teeth i as six is to seven, so that the disc

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will rotate one-sixth of a revolution, but in the opposite
direction for each revolution of the eccentric d. A modifica-
tion is also shown, as applied to a two-cycle steam engine.
(Three claims.)

13027 (1915). Improvements in Supports for Mine Roofs.
A. F. Ericsson, of 4, St. Nicholas-buildings, NewcaStle-upon-
Tyne.—Relates to supports for the roofs of mines, and
consists in a member which is formed of metal in tubular
form with a continuous flattened upper surface. In fig. 1
the supporting member is formed of a tube a having a
flattened upper surface b which forms the support for the
material of the roof and is continuous, as shown, without any
breaks or crevices such as
would favour distortion in
the event of local variations in
the pressure distributed over
the upper surface of the
support. The tubes may be of
wTelded or weldless type, pre-
ferably the latter. Should the
former be employed, the weld
should come in the upper flat
surface. With a suitable material
the following dimensions may
conveniently be adopted : Over-al]
width, 5 in.; total depth, 2 to
2| in. ; thickness of material of
tube, jo to Te in- In the form
illustrated in fig. 2 the lower
side of the tubular member is
also provided with a flattened
surface c. This in certain
instances forms a more con-
venient shape for resting upon
a prop, the end of which is
. shown at d.	In the form

shown in fig. 3, the upper and
lower flattened surfaces b and
c are both of the same width,
and such a form may be used

with either side uppermost, provided the construction of the
tube is such that the two sides are of equal strength. The
ends of the member may be flattened and used to receive
or may be suitably shaped to receive the ends of the props,
either directly or by means of any suitably shaped chair,
clip, or fastening. (Three claims.)

15689 (1914). Improvements in Methods of and Appara-
tus for Washing Coal and other Minerals. P. Habets, of
Montegnee, Belgium, and A. France, of 233, rue de
1’Esperance, Liege, Belgium.—Relates to mineral washing
and sorting apparatus of the kind described in Specifications
Nos. 22655 of 1912, 17011 of 1913, and 17012 of 1913, and
is designed to avoid the necessity for the free outlet of water
at the points of discharge for the heavier mineral. This is
effected by connecting the discharge openings to a flooded
receiver provided with a continuous conveyor, whether or
not the discharge openings belong to one sorting pocket or
to a number either on the same trough or different troughs.
Fig. 1 illustrates diagrammatically in front sectional eleva-
tion and side sectional elevation, part of a trough e, a flooded
sorting pocket f and a flooded receiver g fitted with an endless
conveyor or elevator h. Fig. 2 illustrates a similar arrange-
ment, showing means for regulating the hydrostatic head in
the flooded receiver. This consists of a sliding cill r, which
may be adjusted by a screw s, to allow a slight overflow’ at
r. In addition to this, adjustable flaps v, r, are provided for
varying the widths of the communicating passages between
the passages of the pocket f and the receiver g. The velocity
of the streams ascending these passages, depending partly
on the inlet t, and partly on the head in the receiver g, can
therefore be accurately regulated. Fig. 3 is a side sectional
elevation of a slight modification, the sorting pocket having
tw7o water inlets t, t, one on each side of a central partition.
In such a case the flaps v are hinged on the bottom of this
partition below the low’er edges ic at the bottom of the inner
walls of the vertical passages of the pocket. They then only
control or avoid erratic currents from and to the receiver g.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation diagrammatically illustrating the
connection of three sorting pockets f, to a common receiver g.
fitted with an elevator as above described. Each pocket f
is conveniently connected to the receiver by a pipe j. In
fig. 5, which is a diagrammatic side view’ partly in section,
the common receiver g is fitted w'ith a screw’ conveyor k.
wdiich delivers the mineral to an elevator h. arranged at one
end. This arrangement is preferably where the height of