342 THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN August 13, 1915. Richter, of 146, Reichenbacherstrasse, Zwickau, Saxony.— Relates to pipe systems, particularly, although not exclu- sively, for conveying granular material, and more especially to an improved form of liner for use in such systems. Accord- ing to the invention, the separate liners are formed with thickened, and thus strengthened, portions on one side, and loosely inserted and mounted in the pipe system, so that they can turn therein. As the liner thus possesses an eccentric bore, the centre of gravity thereof is outside the longitudinal axis of the said liner, and it can thus be rotated and settled in position in the pipe system with the thicker wall down- wards, and thus simplify the assemblage of the liners in the pipe system. In order that this self-adjustment of the liners may be assisted by the shocks and other influences to which the pipe system is exposed during working, the fric- tion between the liner and pipe is reduced by providing the liner with annular or spiral ribs, which contact with the interior of the pipe instead of the whole surface of the liner. Such annular or spiral ribs can more easily be machined and kept true than the complete outer surface. A further feature in connection with the. ribs is that when the wear takes place until the limit of rupture is reached, it will produce a transverse rupture between the ribs, instead of the pipe being fractured longitudinally, consequently there is not the same tendency for a fracture to produce a stoppage. When the ribs are in the form of a continual spiral, they facilitate the removal of the liner after it is worn out, so that it may be replaced by a new one. The wear of the liner is not uniform in the length thereof ; the nearer that the liners lie to deviation in the pipe system from the straight, and the greater these deviations, the greater is the wear. The liners in which the limit of rupture has already been exceeded, and which lie near one end of the pipe can be completely broken up and removed in pieces. When the liner has been provided with a screw-like con- tinuous spiral rib, the liner can be moved axially by means of suitable tools, the ribs screwing into the crust or deposit, which is formed between the liner and the pipe. When the liner has been somewhat loosened, then only the friction of cutting the screw-thread in the crust with the ribs on the liner has to be overcome. For the purpose of obtaining not only approximate but quite accurate and completely auto- matic adjustment of the liners in their gravity position, the ends of the liners are cut at an angle, so that on erection the separate liners come into alignment, those which are not yet in their gravity position being assisted by the adja- cent liners to move into this position, or nearly so. The liners, forming a row, will therefore slide on the inclined ends of the adjacent liners into the gravity position. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a pipe with a liner having annular ribs; fig. 2 is a similar view, showing a liner having a spiral rib; fig. 3 is a cross section of fig. 1; figs. 4 and 5 show in cross section a pipe with three separated liners, each having inclined ends a, b, which engage with the corresponding ends of the adjacent liners; figs. 6 and 7 show the use of such short pieces d, which serve as equalisers betw’een two pipes. (Seven claims.) NEW PATENTS CONNECTED WITH THE COAL AND IRON TRADES. Applications for Patents. 11172. Means for suspending and adjusting electric over- head conductors. British Insulated and Helsby Cables Limited, and J. W. Astley. 11197. Rock drill chucks. G. Prideaux. 11199. Weighing machines and the like. J. Logie. 11203. Devices* for guiding ropes or cables. Pickerings Limited, and J. Fothergill. 11217. Wet sorting apparatus. A.- France. 11242. Steam and other engines. W. C. Lockwood. 11251. Drill chucks. W. Farquharson. 11258. Devices for quickly releasing pulling strains and loads from cables and analogous retaining means. S. E. Hales. ' 11284. Furnaces. J. A. Hope. 11288. Combined circulatory and main blower valve for super- ' heater locomotives. R. S. York. 11294. Ingot moulds. J. H. Beckett. 11300. Machines for use in mining minerals, particularly adapted for use in mining coal and the like. Mavor and Coulson Limited, and M. S. Moore. 11315. Construction and operation of scrubbers for the pur- pose of removing ammonia, naphthalene, benzol, and the like from coal.gases and the like. British Coke Ovens Limited, ind N. Schuster. 11317. Compound steam engines using superheated steam. E. H. Graggs. 11318. Steam superheating apparatus. E. H. Craggs. 11319. Means or apparatus for improving the combustion of solid fuel. P. St. G. Kirke. 11334. Safety devices for colliery and other tramways or the like. G. G. Davies. 11342. Theodolites or similar instruments. P. C. Rushen. (Oesterr. Ung. Optische Anstalt C. P. Goerz G. m.b. H., Austria.) 11343. Jib cranes. S. H. Priestman. 11350. Coal gas or water gas heat and steam producer. T. Jacks and B. Rowlson. 11351. Recording the deflections of bridges and girders. J. E. Rutter. 11352. Governors. W. Hartnell. • 11374. Elastic fluid turbines. British Thomson-Houston Company Limited. (General Electric Company, U.S.A.) 11377. Feed device for gas generators. S. Cutler, junr. 11379. Rotary pumps and engines. G. B. Petter. 11380. Valve gear.for pneumatic tools. C. Christiansen. 11390. Boilers, more particularly of the marine type. H. Breach. 11430.- Treatment of water and other liquids. United Water Softeners Limited, and S. H. Menzies. ' Complete Specifications Accepted. (To be published on August 26.) ' 1914. 10110. Gas detecting apparatus for portable electric hand lamps. Ralph. 10709. Coupling for railway vehicles provided with buffers or the like. Cloud. 11698. Couplings for railway wagons and the like. Benda and Malik. 11721. Apparatus for detecting the presence of injurious gases in mines and like places. Schoeller and Com- pany. 11746. Intermittent conveyors. Forster’sche Maschinen- u. Armaturenfabrik Akt.-Ges. 11824. Lining for rotary kilns or furnaces. Dynamidon Ges.' 11940. Electric signalling installations. Siemens Brothers and Company. (Siemens und Halske Akt.-Ges.) 12011. Heat treatment of manganese steel. Poldihiitte Tiegel- guszstahlfabrik. 12153. Method of and apparatus for coking coal briquettes. Gratz. 12229. Traps or intercepters for flue dust, ashes, and the like. Marks. (Maschinenbau - Anstalt - Hum- boldt.) 12234. Fluid pressure engines and the like. Tismer. 12358. Manufacture of wire. Westinghouse Metallfaden Gluhlampenf abrik. 12449. Heat accumulators. Wade. (Maschinenbau Akt.-Ges. Balcke.) 12479. Electric welding. Allgemeine Elektricitats-Ges. 126401 Apparatus for obtaining a smokeless combustion by the aid of highly-heated secondary air. Enke. 12818. Process for separating tar and ammonia from gases derived from the carbonisation of fuel. Dr. C. Otto and Comp. 12849. Turbines. Knapp. 13213. Tightening devices for overhead electric, conductors. Siemens-Schuckertwerke. 14243. Collecting gas main for coke ovens. Still. 14378. Process for starting electrically-connected rotary con- verters and asynchronous generators. Siemens Brothers'Dynamo Works, and Koettgen. 14379. Implement for laying cables or wires in the ground. Fowler. (Turner.) 14381. Rendering tungsten ductile. Trenzen. 14384. Switching arrangements for rotary converters. Siemens Brothers Dynamo Works Limited. (Siemens - Schuckertwerke.) 14437. Smelting and purifying gas. Gehrandt. 14590. Devices for producing undercut drill bits. H. Flott- mann and Company. 14826. Steam generators adapted to be heated by means of liquid slag, incandescent coke, or the like. Semmler. 14863. Dumping receptacles. Fried. Krupp Akt.-Ges. 14883. Ventilating fans. Erbe. 15176. Tramway rails. Thon. 15551. Method of and apparatus for the manufacture of hollow bricks or building blocks with internal spiral ribs. Henriksen. 15594. Compressors and pumps. Mellersh-Jacksdn. (Geb. Meer Maschinenfabrik.) 15686. Condensing steam engine . plant. Warwick Machinery Company (1908). (Vereinigte Dampf- turbinen Ges.) 15801. Building of waterproof tunnels. Hallinger, and Hallinger and Company. 18287. Method of and apparatus for capping railway sleepers. Fried. Krupp Akt.-Ges. 18302.-Electric hoisting apparatus. Colley. 18376. Rotary engines or pumps. Hamann. 18429. Apparatus for melting metals or the like. Lowden. 18181. Cancelling devices for winding signal gear in collieries and mines. Linneker and Adams. 18654. Foundry moulding machines. Fils de A. Piat et Cie. 19003. Centrifugal fans. Criqui and Van Deventer. 19018. Regulating or governing devices for air compressors. * Broom, and Broom and Wade Limited'. 19075. Ratchet braces. Rees. 19124. Steam engines. Ashton‘ Frost and Company, and Taylor. 19582. Steam engines. Whitmore. 19882. Electric cable. Beaver and Claremont. 20289. Machinery for the manufacture of tin-plates'and other like metal-coated plates or sheets. Thomas, Thomas, and Davies. 21382. Mechanical feeders for gas producers, furnaces, and the like. Harvey and Wright. 21785. Electric circuit breakers. British Thomson-Houston Company. (General Electric Company, U.S.A.) 22227. Reflectors for miners’ safety hand lamps. Railing and An gold. 22332. Automatic cut-off or cushioning gear for duplex pumps or the like. Twells. 22722. Elastic fluid turbines. Warwick Machinery Com- pany (1908). (General Electric Company, U.S.A.) 23181. Manufacture of explosives. Craig, Robertson, Farmer, and Rotter. 23366. Control system for electric motors. Tgranic Electric Company. (Cutler-Hammer Manufacturing Com- pany.) 23408. Hoistin? mechanism. Robert Dempster and Sons, and Hargreaves. 23993. Tapering machine for wood and other materials. Cashmore, McKay, and Ridsdale. 24039. Maximum current or overload circuit breakers. Mellersh-Jackson. (Soc. Anon. Movo.) 1915. 3295. Stone breaking and ore crushing machines. Baxter. Complete Specifications Open to Public Inspection Before Acceptance. 1915. 5269. Process of treating steel. Ross. 10207. Process for the distillation of coal for the manufacture of gas and apparatus therefor. Pinet and another. 10881. Generator for gas producer plants. Allen. THE ACQUISITION OF ENEMY PATENT RIGHTS. The following list of British Patents, which have been granted in favour of residents of Germany, Austria, or Hungary, is furnished in view of the new Patents Acts, which empower the Board of Trade to confer upon British subjects the right to manufacture under enemy patents, which right, when acquired, can be retained after the war, and is specially compiled for the Colliery Guardian by Lewis Wm. Goold, chartered patent agent, 5, Corporation-street, Birmingham. It is desirable in the first instance to obtain the ‘latest particulars upon the Patents Register. If. any patent listed has been assigned to a .non-enemy proprietor, the law does not apply. 13340/05. Explosives. Tetranitromethylanilin or tetranitro- ethylanilin is employed as a substitute for picric acid or trinitrotoluol in the manufacture of priming compositions. C. Claessen, Berlin. 15646/05. Gas manufacture; ammonia; ammonium sulphate. Ammonium sulphate is obtained nearly free from tar by passing the hot gases from the dry distillation of coal, wood, peat, etc., through a centrifugal machine at a temperature too high for the condensation of water, i.e., above lOOdegs. Cent. The tar is thus separated in the liquid form, and collects in’a pipe, whence • it flows away by a siphon. The hot gases con- taining all the ammonia pass under a tossing plate and through a conduit to a washer con- taining strong sulphuric acid. The drum of the centrifugal machine, which is provided with spiral heaters, is driven by a pulley and belt. Any form of centrifugal machine and washer may be used. R. Brunck, Prussia. 16386/05. Purifying coal gas. In a process for purifying coal gas, and for obtaining by-products there- from, the gas is cooled to a temperature below the condensation point of water, superheated, and finally washed in acid. The superheating of the gas may be effected by means of the raw gas. The water deposited during the first cool- ing process is treated with lime and steam in a distillation 'apparatus for the recovery of ammonia, which may be led into a bath con- taining a lye produced by washing the coal gas; the ammonia is preferably superheated before entering the bath. The waste waters from the distillation apparatus, which contains phenols, are preferably disposed of by spraying them, in a finely-divided state, to the combustion gases in a chimney. H. Koppers, Germany. 16579/05. Furnaces; retort furnaces. To decrease the heat uniformly from the bottom to the top of the vertical retorts, each retort, or pair of retorts, is separately heated, and the gases are caused to pass upwardly in a zig-zag course around horizontal partitions. Strengthening webs may be fitted between the retorts, but there are no vertical partitions for guiding the gases. The gas producer is provided with regenerators, a primary air supply passage, and a water trough, and the gas passes to the retort chamber, where it mixes with a supply of regeneratively heated air. The ignited gases then pass around hori- ' zontal partitions, and escape from the upper part of the oven to the channels of the regener- ators. J. Bueb, Germany. 17464/05. Gas manufacture; hydraulic mains. An hydraulic main is fitted with a series of removable scoops, which are placed beneath the dip pipes in order to collect the pitch. The main is formed with an inclined front wall, and is provided with a partition projecting into the liquid a little below the dip pipes, so that the scoops may be with- drawn through apertures without disturbing the working of the plant. Deutsche Continental- Gas-Ges., Germany. 25147/05. Dynamo-electric machines; motors, controlling. Relates to a method of controlling alternating current asynchronous motors, and consists in mounting on the rotor shaft a direct-current motor which is supplied with current from a rotary converter, the alternating-current side of which is connected to the secondary of the asynchronous motor. The speed of the motor is controlled by regulating the excitation of the direct-current motor by means of a resistance, which is controlled either by hand or automatic- ally. Elektrizitats-Akt.-Ges. vorm. W. Lahmeyer and Company, Germany (dated Dec. 2, 1904). ♦.,* Copies of any of the above specifications can be supplied at the price of 1$. post free. GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. Any of the following publications may be obtained on application to this office at the price named post free. Consular Reports, etc. : Brazil, Trade for 1913, 3Jd.; Gibraltar, 1914, 2M.; Bahamas, 1914-15, 3d. PRICE OF COAL (LIMITATION) ACT, 1915, Id. Ministry of Munitions : Regulation. l|d.; Rules for Con- stituting and Regulating Munitions Tribunals, IJd. Statutory Rules and Orders. 1915 : (No. 660). Workmen’s Compensation, Industrial Diseases, 14d.; (No. 661), MINES SAFETY LAMPS ORDER, July 9, 1915, ljd. COAL MINING ORGANISATION COMMITTEE : Minutes of Evidence, 2s. 5d. Pauperism for June. 2d. British Museum Return for 1915. Is. 3d. Returns of Shipping and Tonnage, Suez Canal, 1912-13-14, 2Jd. Acts, 1915 : Finance, E 62, 3d.; Trading with the Enemy, C79, Id. PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. Handbook of Patent Law of All Countries. By W. P. Thompson. 16th Revised Edition. London : Stevens and Sons Limited. Sells’ Directory of Registered Telegraphic Addresses, 1915. London : Business Dictionaries Limited. Price, 25s. “ Annual Report of the Department of Mines, New South Wales, for 1914 (Svdney : W. A. Gullick, Government Printer), price 5s.: “ Emplovers’ Magazine.” July 1915 (published by the Lehigh Valley Coal Companv): “ The Engineering Magazine.” August, price Is.: “ Cassier’s Engineering Monthly ” (Vol. 48, No. 2), August, price Is.