1294

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN.

June 18, 1915.

OBITUARY.

We have regretfully to announce that Harry Edgar
Hutchings, of the 1st Battalion 1st Surrey Rifles, only
son of Mr. Harry Hutchings, the managing director of the
Colliery Guardian Company Limited, fell in action in
Erance on the 11th inst. Prior to the outbreak of war he
was a member of the staff of this journal, with which his
family have been intimately associated since its inception
over 50 years ago.

News has been received in Clifton that Capt. Hugh B.
Pilkington, son of Mr. Charles Pilkington, the Headlands,
Prestwich, has been killed in action in the Dardanelles.
He was attached to the 6th Manchesters (T.E.), and had
been serving in that regiment ever since August. At the
Clifton and Kersley Coal Company’s collieries flags floated
half-mast last week end. Deceased was on the staff of the
Clifton and Kersley Coal Company.

News reached Wearside, on Tuesday last, of the death,
at Dunstable, of Mr. Samuel Tyzack, formerly well-known
in Sunderland in connection with mining and shipping busi-
nesses. Mr. Tyzack, who was 61 years of age, was asso-
ciated with the ironfounding firm of Messrs. Samuel Tyzack
and Company, and with that of Messrs. Tyzack and Bran-
foot, formerly of Sunderland and now of .Newcastle, who
are connected with the Washington Coal Company, the
Edmondsley Coal Company, .and the Well Line of shipping.
It is over 20 years since Mr. Tyzack gave up an active
interest in business, and came to reside in the south.

News has been received of the death in action at the
Dardanelles of Sec.-Lieut. Thomas Cartmel Walker,
youngest son of Mr. and • Mrs. T. A. Walker,
of Wyborne Gate, Birkdale. His brother, Sec.-Lieut.
Basil S. Walker, 5th Cheshire Regiment, was killed in
action in May, and his eldest brother,Capt. J. S. A. Walker,
5th Battalion Manchester Regiment, is with his regiment in
the Dardanelles. Their father is a principal of the firm of
Messrs. Walker Brothers, Pagefield Ironworks.

The death occurred on June 12, at Smith-yard, Low
Moor, Bradford, of Mr. Marsden Smith, coal merchant. Mr.
Smith was in his 61st year.

Capt. Collingwood Lindsay Wood, second son of Sir
Lindsay Wood, Bart., who was recently reported missing
and believed to have been killed, is now officially reported
killed in action in Northern Erance. Born in 1881, he
entered the Army in 1901, and saw service in South Africa
during the Boer War. In the course of the present cam-
paign Capt. Wood was wounded in February.

The death took place on Sunday, June 13, at Wingates,
Westhoughton, Lancashire, of Mr. Joseph Bateson. The
deceased gentleman, who was 72 years of age, for some
time was secretary of the Brinsop Hall Colliery Company.

The under-manager of Desford Colliery, belonging to the
Desford Colliery Company, Mr. Edward Weston, has been
killed in a motor cycling accident.

Following with painful suddenness upon the announce-
ment of the death in action of Capt. H. H. Bolton, eldest
son of Mr. H. H. Bolton (Messrs. George Hargreaves and
Company, Accrington Collieries)*, to which reference was
made in our obituary column last week, comes the intima-
tion that Lieut. John Bolton has died from wounds. The
deceased was the second son of Mr. H. H. Bolton, sen.,
and brother of the late Capt. Bolton. He.was 26 years of
age, 'and was educated at Mostyn House School,' Parkgate,
and at Tunbridge Public School.- Subsequently, he took a
course of engineering at the Manchester University, and, in
September of 1913, he took over the charge of the com-
mercial department at the Accrington Collieries, Woodnook,
of which his father is the head. Two years ago he joined
the East Lancashire Territorials, and since September last
had been in Egypt. Early in May he went to the Darda-
nelles, where he received the injuries which caused his
death. A pathetic circumstance is that four days before
news was received, of his death his parents received a letter
from him, in which he described how his brother, Capt.
Bolton, had received his mortal wounds, and how he (Lieut.
John) and a third brother (Lieut. Geoffrey Bolton) had
attended the burial. Many expressions of deep sympathy
have been . made in the Accrington district with Mr. and
Mrs. H. H. Bolton in their sad bereavements. On Friday
last—the day after news was received concerning, the death
of Lieut. John Bolton—another telegram was received from
the Record Office at Preston stating that Sec-.Lieut.
Geoffrey Bolton had been wounded.

Lieut. James, who has been killed whilst serving with the
5th Manchesters, was a son of the Rev. C. H. James, vicar
of Haigh, near Wigan. He was a mining engineer in the
service of the Wigan Coal and Iron Company Limited.

It is reported that Capt. Cecil Leech, of the same regi-
ment, a well-known mining engineer, being a member of
the firm of Messrs. Mayhew, Leech, and Mayhew, mining
engineers, of Wigan, has been killed.

The death took place on Thursday of last week of Mr.
Thomas Williams, Pontardulais, a well-known South Wales
colliery proprietor, and founder of the firm of Thomas
Williams and Sons, colliery owners, Llangennech, near
Llanelly. The deceased gentleman, who was 74 years of
age, was also connected with the Teilo Tin-plate Works,
Pontardulais, and the Pontardulais Chemical Works and
the Llanelly Steelworks. • His wife pre-deceased him a few
years ago, and he is now mourned by two sons, Mr. Evan
Williams, J.P., and'formerly chairman of the South Wales
Coal Owners’ Association, and Mr. Henry Williams, - and
three daughters.

Sec.-Lieut. Frederick Niven Gerds, 176th Tunnelling
Company, Royal Engineers, who was killed in action in
France on June 1, was a mining engineer by profession,
being an associate of the Royal School of Mines and a
student of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. He
proceeded to South Africa in 1909, where he spent six years
on the Rose Deep, Planet, Arcturus, and Cam and Motor
mines.

On the 9th inst., after a brief illness, Mr. Robert Fyfe,.
J.P., coalmaster, died at his residence, Benview, Clack-
mannan. The only son of the late Mr. James Fyfe, coal-
master, he was a partner of the firm of Messrs. J. Fyfe and
Company, proprietors of Pretoria Pit, Clackmannan. He
was only 39 years of age.

Lieut.-Col. Charles Pilkington, of Messrs. Pilkingtons,
glass manufacturers, St. Helens, and a director of Messrs.
Robert Evans Limited, colliery proprietors, Haydock, was
on Monday unofficially reported to have been wounded in
the fighting at the Dardanelles.

THE FREIGHT MARKET.

The difficulties in the way of securing licences for fuel
shipments to neutral countries have undergone no modifica-
tion on the week. Indeed, they appear to have been
intensified, if anything, and the tale of outward chartering
is becoming “ smaller by degrees and beautifully less.” On
the north-east coast tonnage has been offering in excess of
requirements—the latter being uncommonly limited, save for
vessels for coasting and allied ports—and rates of freight
have substantially receded. There is little change coast-
wise, although London is perceptibly weaker. North
French ports have fallen from 6d. to 2s. The Mediter-
ranean is from 2s. 6d. to 5s. lower. At the time of writing,
however, rates tend to rally. At South Wales, the same
depressing influences as have checked business in the
North have been at work, and figures, generally, favour
charterers. The market has been somewhat irregular,
however, for, whilst Genoa has 'fallen 2s. 6d. on the week,
Gibraltar Is., Naples 6d. to Is., Savona 2s. 6d., and Spezzia
2s. 6d., Marseilles is steady, Bagnoli and Porto Ferrajo are
Is. advanced, and Port Said is 2s. dearer. North French
ports show a fall of Is. 9d. to Rouen, and 3d. to Havre, but
a -rise of 6d. to Caen. The Canary Islands are 2s. dearer
to Las Palmas. The Bay has fallen 2 fr. to Bordeaux, and
2J.to 4 fr. to Chantenay.

The homeward market is somewhat •depressed this week.
The eastern trades are very dull, and the Indian Wheat
Committee having suspended chartering, there is a good
deal of surplus tonnage and rates are on the down grade.
Bombay has booked for July shipment to Manchester at
57s. 6d. for manganese ore, and this is now the figure indi-
cated by shippers on d.w. basis. Barely 50s. net is obtain-
able from Kurrachee. There is no demand at Calcutta.
North Pacific has fixed at 87s., fid. for October-November,
and the nitrate ports have been done at about 80s. to
United Kingdom. Vladivostock is weaker, at about 87s. 6d.
for beans. The rice ports are inactive, with only 70s. quoted
at Koshichang, and no enquiry from Burmah. The
Mediterranean ports are slow and easy for ore business. At
America the tendency in all trades is towards quietness
and ease. Grain cargoes from the Gulf have been done at
10s. 3d. to Spanish Mediterranean, 10s. to French Atlantic,
and 9s. to the Tyne. Following coal business done for
West Italy at 41s. 6d., tonnage has been secured at 40s.
Not much is being done in the carriage of lumber. The
downward trend of rates at the River Plate has been accen-
tuated during the week, and several prompt boats have
been done on the basis of 50s. to United Kingdom—a fall
of 8s. 9d. on last report. Signs are not wanting that Plate
figures will be still further reduced in the very near future.

Tyne to Algiers, 3,100, 19s.; 1,600, 20s.; Cette, 1,800,
26s., 350; Caen, 1,550, 16s.; 800, 14s.; Calais, 1,000, 14s.;
2,600, 16s.; 2,100, 16s.; Garthagena, 3,000, 25s. coal, 30s.
coke; Dunkirk, 1,000, 14s.; Dieppe, 2,500, 16s.; Genoa,
2,800, 25s.; 3,000, 26s. 6d.; 3,700, 27s. 6d.; 5,200, 27s. fid.;
Gibraltar, 1,500, 19s.; Havre, 2,200, 14s.; 1,600, 14s. 6d.;
Las Palmas, 1,800, 23s. 6d.; 2,800, 23s.; London, 1,500, 7s.;
2,000, 7s.; 2,500, 7s.; Lisbon, 1,600, 20s.; 3,200, 18s.;
Malta, 2,000, 20s.; Naples, 4,300, 27s. 6d.; Porto Vecchio,
5,000, 28s. 6d.; Porto Ferrajo, 5,000, 25s.; 5,600, 26s.,
from Dunston; Rouen, 2,000, 15s. 6d.; 3,500, 15s.; 1,300,
16s.; 2,200, -15s.; 1,900, 16s.; 1,600, 16s. 3d.; ‘950, 16s. 3d.;
Teneriffe, 2,300, 25s.

Cardiff to Aden, 5,000, 22s. 6d.; Bombay, 25s., June;
Bordeaux, 3,500, 14 fr.; Bagnoli, 4,500, 25s.; Boulogne,
1,700, 12s. fid.; Cork, 470, 6s.; Calais, 2,850, 11s. 6d.;
Caen, 1,000, Ils.; 1,500, Ils. 6d.; Cape Verds, 2,200, 22s.,
June 21; Cherbourg, 300, 12s.; Campana, 4,000, 25s.;
Cadiz, 1,500, 17s. ; Chantenay, 3,200, 13 fr.; 2,400, 13 fr.;
Dartmouth, 550, 7s. fid.; Dieppe, 1,600, Ils.; Genoa,
2,900, 21s.; 4,000 , 22s. 6d.; Gibraltar, 1,400, 17s.; Hon-
fleur, 380, Ils.; Havre Canal, 1,050, 10s. 9d.; Havre, 800,
Ils.; 1,600, 10s. 6d.; Las Palmas, 2,400, 20s.; Lisbon,
3,000, 15s. 6d., 400; 1,500, 15s. 6d., 350; Leghorn, 4,000,
22s. 6d.; 5,000, 24s., 500; Madeira, 2,400, 20s.; Marseilles,

3.500,	25 fr.; Naples, 4,000, 24s.; 5,000, 24s., 500; Oporto,
900, 16s. 6d.; 700, 16s.; Perim, 5,000, 27s.; Port Said,

4.500,	22s. 6d.; Palermo, 4,000, 24s.; Porto Ferrajo, 4,500,

25s.; Rouen, 1,400, 13s.; 1,200, 13s. 3d.; 750, 13s.; 760,
23s., coke; Rosario, 4,000, 25s. 6d.; River Plate, 4,700,
24s. 6d., lower ports; 4,500, 26s., fuel, end month; St.
Nazaire, 3,000, 13 fr.; 1,200, 14 fr.; 2,250, 13 fr.; Savona,
4,000, 22s. 6d.; 2,900, 21s.; Spezzia, 4,000, 22s. 6d.;
Trouville. 400, Ils.; 950, 12s.; Villa Constitucion, 4,000,
25s.	-

Swansea to Dieppe, 1,300, Ils.; 2,400, 14s. 6d.; 1,600,
Ils.; Havre, 750, Ils.; 1,000, 10s.; 1,300, 10s. 9d.; St.
Malo, 1,000, 9s. fid.; Rouen, 1,050, 13s. 3d.; 1,300, 13s.;
1,200, 13s. 6d.; 1,000, 14s.; 1,700, 13s. fid.; Caen, 2,000,
Ils. 3d.; Algiers, 3,500, 22| fr. coal, 23| fr. fuel; Fecamp,
,380, Ils.; Trouville, 650, 11s. 6d., six voyages; 650, 11s. 6d.;
1,100, 12s.; Naples, 4,000, 24s.; Palermo, 4,000, 24s.

Burryport to Rouen, 1,000, 14s.

Newport to Gibraltar, 1,400, 17s.; Cadiz, 1,500, 17s.;
Rouen, 1,750, 13s.; Caen, 1,500, Ils. 6d.; 2,000, 11s. 3d.;
Oporto, 1,000, 16s. 6d.; Algiers, 3,500, 22J fr.; Trouville,
650, Us. 6d.; Oran, 2,600, 22 fr.'; Chantenay, 3,000, 13 fr.

• Hull to Dieppe, 800, 13s.; Genoa, 4,500, 26s.; Savona,

4,500,	26s.; Calais, 800, 13s.; Brixham, 900, 8s. 3d.; Hon-
fleur, 700, 12s.; Havre, 700, 13s.; Rouen, 2,400, 16s.

• Goole to Boulogne, 800, 13s. fid.; 12s. 9d.

Wear to Cette, 1,800, 26s., 350.

Immingham to Genoa, 4,500, 26s.; Savona, 4,500, 26s.

Port Talbot to Rouen, 13s.; Bordeaux, 3,500, 14 fr.; St.
Nazaire, 3,500, 13 fr.; Caen, 1,130, 12s.; 1,150, Ils.,
June 19.

Ayr to Brest, 1,350, 13s.

Methil to London, 1,250, 8s.

Sharpness to Sydney and Newcastle, N.S.W., sail, 35s.,
July, salt.

Leith to Caen, 780, 15s. 6d.

Glasgow to Dieppe, 2,400, 14s. 6d.

Grimsby to London, 6s. 3d.

Forth-to London, 2,000, 8s. 6d.; Calais, 2,500, 15s. 6d.

Lieut.-Col. H. E. Gresham, who commands the 7th Batt.
Manchester Regiment, has been invalided from Alexandria
to Malta. Col. Gresham is the head of the well-known firm
of Gresham and Craven, ironfounders, of Salford.'

ABSTRACTS OF PATENT SPECIFICATIONS
RECENTLY ACCEPTED.

4214 (1914). A New or Improved Fuel and Method of
Making the Same. T. M. Hickman, of Holmdale Penn-
fields, Wolverhampton, Staffordshire.—The invention is
based on the recognition that the coking qualities of carbo-
naceous materials are primarily due to the presence of
compounds of aluminium and silica, containing in chemical
combination therewith alkalies or alkaline earths, magne-
sium or iron or such other metals which can take the place
of, and have the same effect in the combination as iron in
such quantities as to obtain the property of great permea-
bility and comparatively low fusibility and of keeping the
particles of . the coke formed bound together. According to
the invention, there are artificially imparted to non-coking
carbonaceous materials the qualities which are naturally
inherent in coking carbonaceous materials by incorporating
with non-coking carbonaceous materials (such as coal dust,
slack and the like) prior to or during distillation, such sub-
stances as are naturally found in coking carbonaceous
materials. These substances must have the property of
being fusible, so as to thoroughly permeate the whole mass
during distillation, and of binding together the particles of
coke formed. For this purpose natural or artificially
prepared compounds of aluminium and silica, containing
in chemical combination therewith any or all of the above
enumerated substances, have been found suitable—namely,
fireclay or ball-clay, shale or red clay, gault, marl, or
zeolites. As it may not, however, be in all cases easy to
find a perfectly adapted natural mineral, it is preferable to
treat said natural bodies in such a way as to increase their
fusibility and binding power. For instance, when an
infusible clay has to be used, this can be converted into a
fusible compound by treating it in a furnace, or autoclave,
with alkali or lime whereby the respective compounds of
alkali, or lime with alumina and silica are formed. These
compounds may then be treated in the furnace or autoclave 1
with a metallic salt or compound, e.g., of iron, or a salt or
compound of such other metal which can take the place of,
and has the same effect in the alumino-silicate compound
as iron. The iron or the like metal replaces the alkali or
lime of the alumino-silicate compound in a well-known
manner. The density and hardness of the coke obtained
will depend upon the proportion and the nature of the added
material, and the degree of heat to which it is subjected.
The exact choice of the admixture to be used with the best
effect depends naturally on the constituents of the mineral
ash of the non-coking carbonaceous material, which differ
very largely in various coalfields, and which must be ascer-
tained by analysis. In carrying the invention into prac-
tical effect, the ash constituents of the non-coking carbo-
naceous material are .first ascertained by analysis.
According to the result of this analysis, the selection of the
binding substance is made in the manner above described.
The carbonaceous material is powdered finely or coarsely as
desired. If finely nowdered, the material may be charged
more compactly than in a coarse state. The binding
material is then incorporated, either in a finely powdered
dry state or with the aid of water. According to the desired
hardness of the coke, a proportion from 3 per cent, to 8 per
pent, of the admixture is used. The mixture is then sub-
jected to distillation, the coke being formed from the carbo-
naceous residue by the cementing action of the fused admix-
ture, which becomes liouid, permeates the whole mass, and
combines with the mineral matter contained in the carbo-
naceous material. Fireclay or ballclay sometimes contains,
besides the special compounds of aluminium and silica in
chemical combination with the substances above referred to,
some quartz or fine silica; thus, in some cases, a consider-
able proportion of siliceous matter, which in the hydrated
state has an acid reaction, is present. Tn such cases it may
be advisable to add a calcareous clay, such as gault or marl,
as well; or powdered granitic rock may be used for this
purpose. Where, however, there is already a considerable
proportion of basic matter, a siliceous clav, shale, loam, red,
brown or black sand, ferrous, ferric or aluminium silicates,
may be advantageously used in addition to the special com-
pounds of aluminium and silica containing in chemical com-
bination therewith any of the substances above referred to.
Although the use of sodium or potassium compounds may be
an advantage for the purpose of forming an easily fusible
binding material for the coked carbonaceous matter, there
must be no uncombined soda or potash present which is
capable of giving an alkaline reaction in water, such free
alkali having a detrimental action on the siliceous material
of the retort. When a shale or clay is used it may be found
of advantage to use one which, in addition to having the
reauisite properties, also contains carbonaceous materials,
especially shales or clays usually found close to coal
measures, since these contain both combined and free
alumina and silica, and iron in the free and combined state.
(Five claims.)

5564 (1914). Improvements in Appliances for Breaking
Down Rock, Coal and the like. W. Davies, of 26, Com-
mercial-road, Abercarn, Monmouthshire; M. Davies, of the
same address; and A. Morgan, Birmingham House, Aber-
carn.—This invention is for certain improvements upon the
appliance described in the specification of Patent No. 7339
of 1903, for-“An improved appliance for bursting or breaking

iTrit

. ~ H

Fi 0.2.

down rock and the like,’.’ which consisted of a cylindrical
body part adapted to be passed into a hole drilled or other-
wise produced in a suitable, position in the face of the
rock or coal. . This r body part contained one or more
hydraulic cylinders and trams, connected with each other
by a conduit and with an hydraulic pump, which, when
the pump was worked, caused the rams to project beyond
the diameter of the body arid exert a pressure against the
rock or coal opposed to them until it bursts or breaks down
without the pulverising effect which is caused by the more