840

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN.

October 16, 1914.

ABSTRACTS OF PATENT SPECIFICATIONS
RECENTLY ACCEPTED.

20334 (1913). Improvements in and Relating to Over-
wind and Overspeed Preventing Gear for Colliery Winding
and like Engines. W. Lochhead, of Ross Colliery, Fernie-
gair, Lanarkshire.—Relates to gear designed to prevent over-
wind and overspeed of colliery winding and like engines of
the kind, in which there, are employed.one or more carriers,
each presenting an array of engageable stops, a traveller
adapted to be moved substantially in the direction of the
line joining said stops and means controlled by a governor,
and adapted to bring into operative engagement the traveller
and one of the said, stops whereby a train of connections,
including trip gears, may be operated to retard or arrest the
winding operation; the invention has for its object to pro-
vide improved gear which, on the engine exceeding a pre-
determined speed, shall act firstly on a trip device which
serves in effect to close the throttle valve of the engine, to
throw the reversing lever into neutral or mid-position, and
to release the brake lever so that the latter may act by
gravity on the brake and thus effect retardation of the wind,
and secondly, on a second trip device co-operating with a
bar which serves in effect to apply the pressure to the
brake lever to stop the wind. A gear embodying the inven-
tion is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which
figs. 2 and 3 are elevations of the opposite sides of the
apparatus, and fig.* 5 is a cross section. In operation, on
excessive acceleration of the speed of the engine, the
governor 1 in effect oscillates the shaft 15 whereby the finger

17 is caused to enter one of the series of notches 18 in one
or other of the finger plates 19, 19a, and in being fed by
the leading screw in the direction stated engages a corre-
sponding shoulder, whereby the rod 27 is released and the
steam is shut off , the valve gear thrown into the inoperative
position, and a trip device withdrawn from engagement
with the brake lever, so that the weight thereof acts on the
brake shoes, the speed of the wind being thus retarded. The
finger plates 19, 19 a, are subsequently restored to normal
position under the influence of the counterweights 34.
Located in the path of the finger 17 and disposed at each
extremity of the finger plate 19 is a safety stop device 36
equipped with a safety stop pin 36a. When the finger 17
overruns the finger plate 19, one or other of said stop pins
is engaged by said finger and moved laterally, whereby
links 39 are actuated and a wrist , plate 38 is oscillated,
thereby causing a trip .40 fitted on the shaft 41 of the wrist
plate 38 to disengage a shoe 42, and in consequence release
a bar 43 which is actuated by gravity and serves in effect to
apply pressure to the brake lever. The wrist plate 38 is
restored to normal position under the influence of counter-
weights 44. In the event of failure of the finger to enter
the notches 18 the said finger engaging the end plates 36
or the safety stop pin 36 • causes the latter to disengage all
of the trip connections, whereby all the devices intended to
retard, or arrest the wind are brought into operation. To
this end the detent 29 is formed with a shoulder 29a,
arranged in operative relationship with a peripheral projec-
tion 38 a> formed on the wrist plate 38, the arrangement
being such that on oscillation of the wrist plate the detent
29 is withdrawn from engagement with the shoe 28 and the
bar 27 released. (Two claims.)

20767 (1913). Improvements Relating to the Treatment
of Coal Tar or its Products for the Removal of the Pro-
perties therein Tending to Induce Pitch Cancer. H. W.
Robinson, of Turls Hill House, Sedgley, Staffordshire.—In
the specification of patent application No. 4159 of 1913 are
described some methods of treating coal tar and its pro-
ducts for the purpose of eliminating those properties therein
which tend to induce pitch cancer. The process described
consisted essentially in the treatment of the tar or pitch
with formaldehyde or other suitable aldehydes, or with sub-
stances which contain or will yield suitable aldehydes. It
was found that by this process the pitch and oils which were
obtained were substantially free from auxetics, while experi-
ments had shown that both auxetics and kinetics must be
present in the products in order that these might be in a con-
dition to stimulate pitch cancer. The present invention
depends upon the discovery that ozonised air will also act
upon tar or its products in such a manner as substantially
to remove therefrom the auxetic properties, or at least one
of the properties necessary for inducing pitch cancer. It is
proposed in the specification of a concurrent patent applica-
tion in the name of Jean Rosen, No. 10208 of 1913, to treat
hydrocarbons, and particularly coal tar, with an oxidising
gas such as air mixed with ozone, the object being to pro-
duce oxidation of the hydrocarbons, and to employ the heat
generated by the oxidation in producing distillation of

volatile products, without the necessity of applying any
external heat at all. The process according to the present
invention differs therefrom in that the oxidation is carried
to a much less degree, but still to a sufficient degree to
remove the auxetic properties, and the usual distillation
process is carried out with the application of external heat.
In carrying the invention into effect, any suitable apparatus
may be employed for ozonising air. Such apparatus is
already well known, and will require no description here.
The ozonised air may .either be blown in alone, or it may
be blown in mixed with steam or other gas. A perforated
pipe or pipes, such as are commonly used for the purpose
of steaming the tar during distillation, and fitted into vessels
containing the tar, may be used for introducing the ozonised
air and causing it to blow through the material, or a set of
pipes may be used suitably supported so that they can be
lowered into the material. No precise instructions can be
given as to the length of time for which the tar material
must be treated with the ozonised air in order to remove the
properties liable to induce pitch cancer, while not unduly
oxidising the other products. It may be said, however,
that when ozonised air is employed, produced by a known
type of electrical apparatus, and when it is blown in alone
or with steam through suitably perforated pipes, at a pres-
sure of from 20 to 301b. per sq. in. for from 60 to 90
minutes, a charge of tar before distillation or at any suit-
able stage thereof when so treated will be found to have
lost its auxetic properties or to have them so greatly reduced
that they will be practically harmless, while no considerable
oxidation of the other tar products will have taken place,
and substantially the normal distillation products will be
obtained by the normal distillation process using external
heat, . (One claim.)

21005 (1913). Improvements in and Relating to Toothed
Gearing. C. Marsden, of Ronneby, Dawley-road, Harling-
ton, Middlesex, and the Power Plant Company Limited, of
West Drayton, Middlesex. — In toothed gearing for very
large powers, particularly in connection with steam tur-
bines, it is necessary to use pinions of comparatively small
diameters in order to keep the tooth velocities within admis-
sible limits. Such pinions are of great face width on
account of the comparatively small tooth pressure which
must be used at high tooth velocities. Up to a certain face
width two bearings, one at each end of the pinion, are used.
Above such face widths the pinion must be supported by at
least three bearings, two at the ends, and one in the centre
of the face width, in order to prevent the pinion from bend-
ing excessively under pressure of the teeth. It is understood
that powers may become so large that more than three bear-
ings must be resorted to. The object of the present inven-
tion is to so arrange the gearing that even distribution of
load over the whole of the gear width is obtained, however
much the pinions twist. To this end the wheel is divided
into two or more separate parts, the spaces between the
parts being sufficient to admit of the pinion engaging there-
with having an intermediate bearing or bearings. With
pinions supported by three bearings, there would be two
parts, and five bearings four parts, and so on, with suit-
able spaces between such parts. These separate parts of
the wheel (which ‘may also be regarded as different wheels)

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are not keyed to the driven shaft, but drive on to the shaft
through compensating pieces or links, which engage in slots
provided in the wheel bosses, and in a flange or flanges on
the shaft between such bosses. The compensating pieces are
suitably curved and the slots in the flanges are preferably
curved to hold the compensating pieces laterally, whilst the
slots in the bosses should preferably have straight sides.
Against the action of centrifugal force the compensating
pieces may be secured in a variety of ways by well known
means. If the separate parts of the wheel or separate wheels
are made with single helical teeth which set up side thrust,
suitable means are adopted to prevent the wheels from
moving laterally on the shaft. If more than two wheels
are used with pinions cut on, or fixed to one continuous
shaft, it is preferable that the power shall be transmitted
to the shaft through one flange only, suitably placed in
relation to the wheels and that not more than two of tie
wheels shall be directly connected to one another by com-
pensating links, these links in their turn being connected
to the shaft flange by further links. In case an uneven
number of wheels is used, one or more of the compensating
links may have to be arranged with unequal leverage. The
accompanying drawing is a part sectional elevation of a
wheel constructed according to one form of the invention
arranged to allow a third bearing in the centre of the pinion.
(Four claims.)

21224 (1913). Improvements in or relating to Centri-
fugal Fans or Pumps. S. C. Davidson, of Sirocco Engineer-
ing Works, Belfast, Ireland.—Refers to centrifugal fans and
pumps of the encased type, and relates to an improved con-
struction of the casing more particularly for further utilising
in practical operation when large volumetric discharge is
required against comparatively low or medium resistance,
the peculiar phenomena described in a previous patent, No.
1476, dated January 18, 1912. In the said prior patent are
described certain phenomena, whereby when the fan is rota-
ting w’ithin a concentric or a spiral enclosing casing of ordi-
nary construction, the air discharged from what is referred
to as the “ positive ” ends of the fan blades, passes across,
and in part re-enters the fan wheel centripetally at the
negative end of the blades, the central part of the blades
between the negative and positive ends being referred to as
the neutral point. Means are described whereby that part
of the air which enters centripetally through the negative
part of the blades was mainly taken from the suction side
of the fan wheel, and in some of the described arrangements

an additional volume of air passes by induction over the out-
side of the periphery of the blades, from the suction side
into, and combines with the air discharging from the posi-
tive end of the fan wheel, without passing directly through
the. fan wheel at all. A casing made in accordance with this
invention may have that portion which lies beyond the peri-
phery of the fan wheel of circular, curved, or rectangular
form in section, and the edge of the casing on the suction
side is turned inward over the periphery of the blades
towards the positive end of the fan wheel, the terminal edge
of said turned in portion forming a circle of greater diameter
than that of the intake end of the fan wheels and extending
if required as far as the negative portion of the fan blades.
Fig. 1 is a cross section of a single intake fan; fig. 2 is a
side elevation of fig. 1; fig. 3 is a modification of a single
intake fan; fig. 4 is a cross section of a double intake fan.
(Four claims.)



No. 21224.	No. 21225.

21225 (1913). Improvements in or Relating to Centri-
fugal Fans or Pumps. S. C. Davidson, of Sirocco Engi-
neering Works, Belfast, Ireland. — Refers to centrifugal
fans or pumps of the encased type, and relates to an
improved construction of the enclosing casing thereof more
particularly where a comparatively small volumetric dis-
charge is required against considerable resistance. In a
previous patent, No. 21286, dated October 23, 1901, are set
forth a construction and arrangement of fan and casing,
wherein the spiral whirl of air, which leaves the positive
ends of the blades, passes over as therein described, to the
negative ends of the blades, and if guided around said nega-
tive ends as far as the plane of the intake end of the fan
wheel, and thereat directed into the intake chamber of the
fan wheel w’herein it meets and mixes with the current of
fresh air flowing through the eye into the centre of the fan
wheel. According to the present invention a casing is
employed which in section surrounds but is spaced apart
from the blades of a fan wheel so as to leave exposed to
the intake chamber the positive ends thereof, whereby the
portion of recirculating air which has passed over and
inwards around the negative ends of the blades is directed
against the inner edges of the negative portions of the
blades, the casing sheltering a portion or the whole of the
negative or intake ends from the fresh air entering the intake
chamber of the fan wheel. For example, with a fan wheel
of the kind having an intake chamber within the inner
edge of the blades may be compared a casing extending
round and enclosing the intake end, the inner edges of the
blades of the fan wheel, so as to leave room for the recircu-
lation of air around the intake ends of the blades, the ter-
minal portion of the casing which is disposed within the
intake chamber being curved outwards towards the inner
edges of the blades so as to effectively isolate the recircu-
lated air from the fresh air which passes through the intake
chamber to the positive portion of the blades. Fig. 1 is a
cross section of a single intake fan; fig. 2 is a side elevation
of fig. 1; fig. 3 is a cross section of a double intake fan.
(Five claims.)

25219 (1913). Improvements in or Connected with
Mechanical Telegraphs, particularly adapted for use in
connection with Coal Mines and the like. Meehan and
Sons Limited and J. Wilkinson, both of Scotstoun Iron
Works, Scotstoun, Glasgow.—Relates to the production of
improved apparatus, or to improvements in or connected
therewith, of the type in which a step-by-step operated
receiver is adapted to produce an audible signal for each
step in its operation, and give a visual indication of the
number of steps which have been made, which will remain
until released by the action of an attendant at the receiver,
or automatically to permit the zero indication to be resumed.
The accompanying drawing is a section elevation of a
receiver. A connection A is provided between the trans-
mitter and the receiver to oscillate a rocking arm B about
an axis. For example, the rocking arm B may normally be
held, say, in a horizontal position, against a stop C, by
means of a spring D. The stop C may consist of the upper
end of a slot formed in a casing C1, within which parts of
the gear are contained. A rocking arm B of this description
may be mounted to turn freely about a shaft E, and for the
purpose of producing an audible signal each time it is
drawn down, the rocking arm B may be provided with a
tongue B1, adapted to engage with a tumbler carried upon
a pivot F, fixed to the frame of the instrument. The tumbler
may be provided with a tooth G, arranged to be engaged by
the tongue B1, when the rocking arm B is depressed, and
turn the tumbler about its pivot, in the action of which a
finger G1, projecting from the tumbler, is arranged to pull
back a striker H, against the resistance of a spring H1, and,
by the continued movement of the rocking arm B, the tongue
B1 passes the tooth G, and releases the tumbler, and with it
the striker H, which, under the action of the spring H\
strikes one distinctive blow on a bell or gong. To permit
the tongue B1 to return to its initial position on what may
be termed the front side of the tooth G, a subsidiary finger
G2, projecting from the opposite side of the tumbler, is
provided and arranged to act upon a device K against the
resistance of a spring K1, which permits the tumbler to rock
in the direction of the return of the tongue B1, and, when
clear, raises the tooth G into position for engagement' with
the next advance of the tongue B1. In order to produce a
visual signal denoting the number of consecutive operations
effected by the transmitter at one time, and for maintaining
these indications until an operation is effected to permit the
resumption of the zero indication, an index finger E1 is fixed
upon the shaft E, about which the rocking arm B oscillates
freely, and upon the shaft E a toothed index wheel L is