634

THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN

September 18, 1914

degree of load cannot exceed a predetermined maximum, or,
in other words, the compressor, at all times, can be kept
unloaded to a certain degree or more. With such a means
the regulator of the compressor can be set so that the com-
pressor will furnish a slightly greater amount of air or other
gas than is necessary on the average, and cannot momen-
tarily be forced to full capacity by a temporary fluctuation
in demand, the fixed charge referred to above thus being
kept at a minimum. A practical embodiment of a device
comprising the above invention is shown in the accompany-
ing drawings, in connection with an unloader of the type
wherein the capacity of the compressor is varied by succes-
sively throwing in additional spaces into the ends of the
compressor cylinder. Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a com-
pressor having a clearance unloader embodying the inven-
tion ; fig. 2 is an end elevation of the compressor cylinder
showing the connections of the clearance controller; arid
fig. 3 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the clearance

controller regulating mechanism together with the addi-
tional regulating means resulting from the invention. When
it is desired to operate the compressor at a certain average
capacity, it is first determined which of the clearance
chambers must be opened to give the compressor a capacity
best adapted to the capacity required, the capacity chosen
being preferably, of course, a little greater than that
required. The capacity desired will require a certain
number of the clearance chambers 2 to be connected with
the cylinder at all times, and hence will require that the
valve 20 at no time shall go below the point where these
clearance chambers are thrown in. This is accomplished
by setting the sleeve 35 so that the downward movement
of the pin 40 will be stopped by the proper shoulder or
step, and after it is once set in this position the compressor
will operate below this minimum degree of unloading until
the sleeve 35 is set in another position. (Three claims.)

4805 (1914). Process for Making Soil or Rocks Imper-
vious. A. Abraham, of 19, Rue de 1’Etat-Tiers, Li£ge,
Belgium; also of Belle Maison, Marchin-lez-Huy, Belgium.
—Is an improvement in or modification of the process for
rendering soil or rocks impermeable or waterproof, set forth
in the specification of prior British letters patent No. 10478
of 1912. In this prior specification a process is described for
rendering soil or rocks impervious by introducing two solu-
tions of chemical reagents, which form an insoluble precipi-
tate of considerable specific volume in the pores of the soil
or the rock. The object of the present invention is to pre-
vent the two solutions from immediately forming a precipi-
tate in the neighbourhood of the point at which they are
introduced, which will fill up the interstices, because such
an action may under certain circumstances hinder the solu-
tion from penetrating further, and the interstices, which lie
further from the point at which the solutions are introduced,
may be prevented from being filled up. The action above
described is brought about according to the present invention
by causing an indifferent liquid, preferably water, to be
always introduced between the chemical solutions, and thus
preventing the reaction between the two solutions taking
place prematurely. Thus one of the solutions is first intro:
duced, then the neutral liquid (water), then the other solu-
tion, then water again, then again the first solution, and
so on. The neutral liquid is not only forced in between the
separate solutions when the two solutions are introduced
consecutively through the same tube, but is also employed
when separate tubes are used for the two reacting solutions.
In this manner the advantage is obtained that the precipi-
tate is first formed in the interstices of the rock at a greater
distance from the point at which the solutions are intro-
duced, so that all the interstices are gradually filled with
the precipitates consecutively from the furthermost point
towards the point at which the solutions are introduced.
(One claim.)

5304 (1914). Improvements in and Relating to Grippers
for Use in Connection with Boring Operations. J. Koster,
of Tintea, Rpumania, and the firm Nederlandsche Maat-
schappij tot het Verrichten van Mijnbouwkundige Werken,
of Heerlen, Holland.—In the improved gripper there is
arranged laterally on its sleeve a spring-controlled locking
pin, which when it does not encounter any resistance, may
project into the interior of the sleeve and engage beneath a
disc which is inter-connected with the ring supporting the
clamping elements, which serve for gripping and clamping
in position the article which is to be caught. Fig. 1 is a
longitudinal section through the improved gripper; fig. 2
is a cross section through the Same on the line A—B in
fig- 15 fig- 3 is a sectional view of the member carrying the
clamping elements; fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through
the improved gripper in a plane different to that on which
the section is taken in fig. 1; fig?. 5 and 6 are views similar
to figs. 1 and 2 of a somewhat modified form of the improved
gripper. The mode of operation is as follows :—If the
article or part which is to be recovered has been caught
(fig. 4), and if it is desired that the gripper should release
its hold on the said part, then the boring rod, and with it
the sleeve 1, is moved in a downward direction. The upper

end of the caught part then presses against the disc 8, so
that the same will move up to the upper end of the cavity of
the sleeve 1. The intervening distance between the upper
end of the sleeve and the place where the spring-controlled
locking pin is arranged, is such that the pin may shoot out
of its cavity and engage beneath the disc 8. The clamping
or gripping action exerted by the gripping elements 5 or

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12, by virtue of the cone shape of the interior of the ring 3,
on the part which is to be extracted, now ceases, while the
disc 8 is held in its upper position. The boring rod,
together with the sleeve 1, may therefore be pulled up with-
out carrying with it the previously gripped part. When the
sleeve arrives at the top of the borehole the disc 8 may again
be easily unlocked. (Two claims.)

6193 (1914). Improvements in Grinding Mills. (A com-
munication from abroad by Bradley Pulverizer Company, a
corporation organised under the laws of the State of Maine,
of 92, State-street, Boston, State of Massachusetts, U.S.A.,
manufacturers.) D’A. M. Clark, of the firm of William
Brookes and Son, of 55/56, Chancery-lane, London, W.C.—
Relates to that known type of grinding or pulverising mills
wherein the material to be reduced is acted upon by a sus-
pended revoluble roll, having a gyratory action, with rela-
tion to the suspension means therefore, and which roll
co-operates with an annular die. The invention has for its
object the production of means for improving the lubrication
of the parts, and preventing the escape of the lubricant from
the outer or enclosing member of the universal coupling,
whereby the foregoing objections are obviated. Fig. 1 is
a view in elevation and section of a sufficient portion of a
grinding mill of the type referred to, with one practical form
of the present invention embodied therein; fig. 2 is an
enlarged view, mainly in diametral section, of the cross-
head, the co-operating thrust members, and the means for
retaining the lubricant in the pulley or outer member of the
universal coupling which connects the driving shaft and the
roll-shaft of the mill. In the present embodiment of this
invention there is attached in an oil-tight manner to the
tubular extension 12 an oil guard or retainer, shown as a
tubular frusto-conical member 33, preferably made of cast

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brass or other suitable metal, and having at its lower end
a relatively heavy lateral, annular flange 34 which enters
in an annular seat 35 formed in the interior of the extension
12 inside the shoulder 13. thereof. The seat has a cylin-
drical side wall, and the bottom is at right angles thereto,
as clearly shown in fig. 2, and the flange 34 is shaped to fit
very accurately in the seat, and in practice the diameter of
the flange is made slightly larger than the diameter of the
seat, so that the flange of the retainer is forced by heavy
pressure into the seat. This makes an absolutely fluid-tight
and rigid joint between the retainer or guard 33 and the
bottom portion of the outer member of the coupling, as will
be obvious, the retainer being co-axial with the said coupling
member, and it is shown as projecting upward thereinto
substantially to the plane of the joint between the hub part
9 and cylindrical bottom part 11 of the coupling member (see
fig. 1). When the mill is set in operation the motion of the
enclosed cross-head and its adjuncts will, of course, agitate
the lubricant, and all portions of the mechanism within the
outer coupling member will be maintained thoroughly lubri-
cated, but the centrifugal force generated by rotation of the
coupling will cause the oil immediately surrounding the
retainer to flow outward through the apertures 36, down to
substantially the level of the latter. The oil remaining in
the interior of the recessed part of the crosshead, below such
aperture, will, however, be ample to maintain thoroughly
lubricated the adjacent parts of the suspension members 14
and 27, as will be obvious, while the said parts will also be
lubricated by the oil outside the crosshead. When the mill
is stopped the oil outside the crosshead will flow back
through the apertures 36 until a common level is established,

and, as will be manifest, there is no escape of oil from the
coupling. (Four claims.)

16208 (1913). Improvements in or Relating to Controllers
for Electrical Apparatus. A. Mond, Ph.D., of the firm of
Hubers and Mond, of 19, Southampton-buildings, Chancery-
lane, W.C. (A communication from the Maschinenfabrik
Oerlikon, of Oerlikon, Switzerland.)—Relates to controllers
for electrical apparatus, and in particular to controllers of
the kind comprising a part or member which is set by hand
into the various positions of control or adjustment, and
another part or member which is then moved step by step
by mechanism, such as a ratchet and pawl device, operated
by electro-magnetic means, into corresponding positions.
According to the invention the aforesaid movable parts are
both arranged at the same end of the line, a rotatable con-
trol part being mechanically connected with the controller,
and there is interposed between them (that is to say,
between the electro-mechanically operated controller and
the hand-operated part or member) a contact device adapted
to open and close the circuit that actuates the controller in
conformity with the relative motion of the two parts. The
drawing shows diagrammatically a convenient mode of
carrying the invention into practice. The arrangement of
the apparatus is such that by adjusting the handle a to any
desired position, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, the arm g will
be turned into a position corresponding with that of the
handle, and thereby the circuit x, y, z, will be closed. The
electro-magnetic mechanism will then come into operation

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to cause the drum c to be turned into a corresponding posi-
tion. This is effected step by step, as follows :—The circuit
of the solenoid being closed, the core d will be raised, and
in rising it will engage the ratchet e, and turn it through
the angle of one tooth. At the same time the tappet dx
will strike the switch arm fc, and break the circuit, the core
d being then returned to its lower position by the spring h
(and also by gravity). On the descent of the core the
tappet d2 will strike the switch arm k, and cause the same
to close the circuit x, y, z, with the result that the solenoid
will be again excited, and the series of operations just
described will be repeated until the drum c has been turned
by the ratchet e into a position corresponding with the posi-
tion of the handle or indicator a. Meanwhile the contact
rails c1 c2 on the drum will have moved step by step there-
with, their movements, however relatively to the arm g,
being such as to bring their neutral or zero point towards
said arm so that by the time the drum c has reached the
contact position into which it is intended to be brought the
contact rails cl c2 will have run off the contacts gl g2 on the
arm g, and the apparatus will come to rest. If desired,
further means may be provided in case of accident for con-
necting the handle a or other hand-operated indicator
directly with the drum c or other control element or member
independently or without the intervention of the electro-
magnetic wiring. (Four claims.)

18380 (1913). Improvements in Governing or Regulating
Air Compressors and the like. T. A. Walker, E. R.
Walker, and G. L. Walker, all of Pagefield Iron Works,
Wigan, Lancashire.—Relates to improvements in means
for governing or regulating air compressors normally
running at a constant speed and the like, more particularly
in those cases where less than the full capacity of plant is
sufficient for a time being of the type in which the com-
pressor cylinder is controlled by a piston valve or the like,
the lead of which can be altered to regulate the output of
the compressor by adjusting the point in the stroke at which
compression commences. In one form of the device, accord-
ing to the invention, the piston valves are mounted on
threaded spindles. In the case of a double-acting com-
pressor, a pair of piston valves will be mounted on the same

valve spindle which has right and left hand threads thereon,
so that the turning of the valve spindle produces a displace-
ment of the piston valves relatively to one another, and
consequently a variation of the lead of these valves. In this,
form the valves may be driven by means of an eccentric
keyed either to the main driving shaft of the compressor or
to a countershaft, and means such as a hand wheel keyed