June 19, 1914. THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN. 1387 '7^ this being the only up to now known, which can make any claims of being scientific. Furthermore, the hydro- static principle permits the design of an instrument without any moving parts except a float, supported in non-evaporative oil and self-balanced. The difference in pressure, which is created by the Pitot tubes, is con- veyed to the instrument by tubes C and D. The float, which is self-balanced, is supported by its air chamber in special non-evaporative oil. The two pressures working on the float, the one above, the other under- neath same, cause the float to take a position relative Fig. 4.—Factum System de Bruyn Recording Water Gauge. Large pattern. (Works Control Limited.) to the difference in pressure. As the speed of gas or air increases as the square of the difference in pressure, the speed itself can be recorded on the chart. By making use of the formula:—Volume = speed x area of main, the actual volume of gas is also recorded on the chart. These indications can be made in cubic feet per second or per minute as desired. The distance between the instrument and the place of measurement is of no consequence to the readings. The “ Factum System De Bruyn dead-heat recording water gauge ” is also shown, as also a pattern with extraordinarily large sized charts, eliminating all possi- bility of mistakes in the readings received. This is an advantage, considering what may depend on the dia- grams received from the water gauge. Other instruments shown include a blast furnace charge recorder, which gives on a chart of extraordi- narily size exactly the time and duration of every charge; and a compressed air meter on the principle of the throttling disc. FALCON IRON WORKS. This Oldham firm shows a pair (5 in. by 8 in. cylinders) self-contained hauling engines, fitted with one drum, 18 in. by 9 in. by 5 in. The drum is fitted with claw clutch and powerful foot brake, with link reversing motion. The gearing ratio is four to one. These engines have been specially designed for underground work, and are very simple in construction; they can be readily moved from one part of the mine to another, and set to work in a few minutes by simply connecting a flexible tube to the air main. A pair (10 in. by 12 in. cylinders) self-contained haul- ing engines is also shown fitted with one drum, 21 in. by 10,) in. by 7| in., keyed on shaft, and fitted with foot brake. Gearing ratio is 3| to one, and the engine is equipped with radial reversing motion. The engines are mounted on a strong channel frame work fitted with wheels and axles to suit 24 in. gauge of road. Special attention may be drawn to the space occupied by these engines, the total length being 6 ft. 4 in., total width 8 ft. 3 in., and total height only 3 ft. 10 in. There is further shown the mechanical portion of a 15-b.h.p. electrically-driven, main rope'haulage gear, with one drum, 36 in. by 18 in. by 6 in., fitted with claw clutch and powerful foot brake. The set is mounted on a strong steel girder frame work, and is equally suitable for either surface work or underground haulage. The first motion gearing is machine cut, with raw hide pinion and cast steel spur wheel; the second motion gearing is machine moulded. The bed is extended and prepared to receive motor and controller. These sets are arranged to take any make of motor preferred by the customer. GEORGE PORTEUS. Several useful adjuncts to the colliery stable are to be seen on this stand. Amongst them mention may be made of a patent dust extractor and rotary sifter, for removing dust and mould from chaff. There is also a combined oat crusher, roller and kibbler. The kibbler consists of a strong metal casing containing two specially grooved chilled metal cutting plates revolving in opposite directions, and adjustable to any size of cut by means of screws and springs, which also permit the passage of any foreign substance without breakage of the plates. The combined machine, which is supplied with feed hopper, and dicky or shaking sieve worked by eccentric to take out stones, straws and heavy dust, will crush or kibble from 10 to 40 sacks per hour. There is besides a patent centrifugal sifter with double dust extractor and safety lever chaff cutter. HERBERT FROOD CO. LTD. The “ Ferodo ” friction surfaces manufactured by the Herbert Frood Company Limited, of Chapel-en-le- Frith, are extensively used in this country and abroad for lining brakes and friction clutches of all types and sizes and operating under all conditions. “ Ferodo ” fabrics possess remarkable resistance to wear, combined with a high and constant co-efficient of friction under varying pressures and temperatures. The fabrics are unaffected by oil and water, and merely polish the brake path without wearing it. They are absolutely sparkless, and are many times more durable than metal, wood, or any other material used for similar purposes. In this respect we may refer our readers to the tests recently carried out by the National Physical Labora- tory, and recorded in the Colliery Guardian (May 1, 1914, p. 966), which show the co-efficient of friction Fig. 1. Ferodo Fabric Lining Fixed with Brass Screws, M.S. Nuts, & Spring Washers. Screws to be Carefully Countersunk into Fabric at Staggered Pitch. Fig. 2. Corrugated z Radiator > ui Q ■'Steel Back z Plate jHHiaEEEl ''FABRIC Ash . zPec • ' z o I lF|E|R|0fD|01| I -DOTTED LINES . SHOW PEG HEAD '• TO BE CUTOFF \ FLUSH • AFTER DRIVING Peg - -/< .To Allow Air zto Pass Out Tthis Pec is P*Ttnrro| I-Toe Rounded heaqI Axis DEVISED TO .. A ^ZRecEivE Blows'1 \ FROM THE HAMMER. ANO PREVENT zj Hi Fig. 3. (Herbert Frood Co. Ltd.) of “ Ferodo ” bonded asbestos to average 0-3, while that of “ Ferodo ” fibre averages 0-6. The exhibit includes a large range of samples and specimens of new material and the fabrics after extended wear, while a feature is a model winder having duplicate braking gear to illustrate the difference between the braking power of poplar and “ Ferodo ” fibre. Special mention may also be made of the radia- tion device exhibited. Its effect is said to treble the life of the lining, and it can only be used under licence, and in conjunction with “ Ferodo ” fabrics. It. is supplied in several sizes and all widths, and can be applied both to band and post brakes, or may be incor- porated in brake shoes of both the expanding and con- tracting types. Patented wood pegs for affixing “ Ferodo ” fabrics are also shown. IRONITE CO. LTD. “ Ironite ” is a patent waterproofing process for all sorts of structures. Various applications are shown. RICHARD SUTCLIFFE. Mr. Sutcliffe shows examples of his disc and chain coal cutters worked by compressed air or electricity. In the compressed air machine the cranks, piston rods, and slides are all enclosed, and work over an oil well, by which they are automatically oiled, while at the same time the top easing has been so arranged as to be readily removed. Inside the casings the working parts have been re-arranged, so that any part is acces- sible and removable with a minimum of disturbance to other parts. It also comprises a contrivance to reduce the clearance space at the piston ends to the lowest possible margin. The hauling drum is readily thrown in or out of gear by lever and clutch arrangement, obviating any slipping of the drum on the cone as often happens in the old method. The disc machines are made in two standard sizes, the larger having cylinders of 9 in. stroke by 9-Jin. diameter, and the smaller having 8 in. by 8 in. cylinders, is lighter and, in ordi- nary material suitable to cut to a depth of 3J ft. in, under, or over, the coal. The chain machine also runs in oil, and is made of few working parts. The electric machines are made for either alternating or direct cur- rent. The cutter wheels of the larger size discs are composed of two halves, easily coupled up and easily unfastened. They can be made in all sizes, and to cut in, over, or under the coal. The machines are made to run on rails or sleds as required. Sutcliffe’s Universal coal face conveyor is also shown. The conveyor consists of driving end, angles and standards, tail-end and carrier. The carrier is the best cotton belting that can be procured. The driving end consists of drums for the belt, with an electric motor or engine (single or double), fixed rigidly on a bed plate. The drums are so arranged that the belt cannot slip. The standard sized drums are only 13 in. in diameter. The total height from the floor to the top of the drums at the driving end (which is the highest part of the machine), is 16J in., but where required the height can be reduced. Along the face it is only 11 in. to the top of the belt, and 13 in. to the top of the angles. The engine may be either single or double, there being a small initial advantage in regard to cost in favour of the single. But the double engine is usually preferred. The conveyor is built up in short lengths to the desired extent, sometimes reaching 190 or 200 yds. in total length, and it can be reduced to parts composed of only single lengths by merely slackening a few nuts, which greatly facilitates transfer to the advanced coal face. By passing the angles through the props where the roof is bad, conveyors 100 yds. long can be moved up and rebuilt in two to three hours by four to five men, and where the roof is good a 100 yds. conveyor may be and has been moved up in 35 minutes by borrowing the props and pushing it forward bodily. The belt is made of solid woven cotton, and nailed on its edges by a patented process to prevent abrasion. It may be made of any number of pieces joined together by hinge joints, with a pin running through the hinge, and, by with- drawing the pins, the belt can be divided into separate lengths. Two 300 ft. lengths are often used to make 100 yds. conveyor, unless the roof is tender, where shorter lengths may be advisable. A combined coal face and gateway conveyor is also shown. The gateway conveyor is so constructed as to receive the coal near the floor, from the face conveyors, and to raise it to such a height as is desired to enable it to be discharged at the discharge end into a con- tinuous stream of tubs. In Thomson’s “ Non-Overwind ” controller, which is to be seen, the moving parts are merely a trailing crank turning a worm : a shaft turned by a worm and worm wheel, rather less than one revolution per wind, and a short shaft (turned by bevel wheels) in the body of the machine rotating an arm, which operates liberating clutches and so controls the valve rods, rods, and levers. FLOTTMANN ENGINEERING CO. LTD. This exhibit comprises a selection of the well known Flottmann drills, of various types. A novelty is a dust preventer for use with hammer drills. This consists of an air-tight box, at the bottom of which an ejector is fitted, with a connection for an air hose. On to a loose ring, resting on the top part of the box, a dust proof bag is fastened, filling almost the whole interior of the box. The suction hose, one end of which is screwed on to the centre of the lid, stands in connection with the dust bag. The other end is provided with a hood, which has a hole in its centre for the drill steel to pass through. After the air for the ejector has been turned on, and the hood slipped on to the drill steel, the drilling of the hole can be commenced with. During the whole time of drilling the hood rests lightly against the rock around the hole. The air, passing through the ejector sets up a vacuum in the box, and all the dust and cuttings, blown out of the hole by the air passing through the hollow drill steel, are drawn into the bag in the box. The dust proof bag is sufficiently large to hold the cuttings and dust of eight holes each 4 ft. deep. The whole arrangement is very simple, and the air consumption is only about 3 cu. ft. per minute by 80 lb. of pressure. THE HEYWOOD AIR-TIGHT DAMPER CO. LTD. On this stand are to be seen various steam and fuel saving appliances, including Heywood’s patent air-tight dampers, manhole frame and door for flues, induced draught bars and smoke burners, swivel dampers, forced draught furnaces, induced draught fans air-tight economiser chain boxes, etc. WORSNOP & CO. The “ Worsnop ” patent miners’ lamps are to be seen on this stand. One of the principal features is the use of the Alklum accumulator, which contains no acid. A considerable range of the latter is shown, and there are various other specialities, including portable electric magnets.