THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN. 71 Jantjahy 10, 1913. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ OUTPUT ANO VALUE OF COAL IN 1911.* The total value of the minerals raised during the year in the United Kingdom amounted to £124,579,313, an increase of £2,473,731 as compared with 1910. This increase is mainly accounted for by the increased output of coal. The total output of coal was 271,891,899 tons, and the value £110,783,682, showing an increase of 7,458,871 tons and of £2,406,115 respectively on the figures for 1910. The average price of coal was 8s. 179d. __________ ______ per ton in 1911, as compared with 8s. 2*36d. in 1910. The quantity of coal exported, exclusive of coke and manufactured fuel, and of coal shipped for the use of steamers engaged in foreign trade, was 64,599,266 tons, or 2J million tons more than that for 1910. France received over 10$ million tons, Italy nearly 9$ million tons, Germany nearly 9 million tons, Sweden nearly 4 million tons, Russia nearly 3J, the Argentine over 3J, Egypt and Spain over 3, Denmark over f million tons, and the Netherlands nearly 21 million tons. Adding the 3,217,927 tons exported in the form of coke and manufactured fuel, and the 19,264,189 tons shipped for the use of British and foreign steamers engaged in foreign trade, the total quantity of coal which left the country was 87,081,382 tons, as against 84,541,678 tons in 1910. , The amount of coal remaining for home consumption was 184,810,517 tons, or 4’079 tons per head of the population. 36,096,857 tons were used in the manufacture of coke and briquettes, and 19,218,491 tons in the blastfurnaces for the manufacture of pig iron, as against 36,487,218 tons and 20,485,514 tons respectively in the previous year. During the past 39 years (1873-1911) the total value of the mineral raised amounts to £3,227,783,582, and of this sum coal accounts for £2,687,137,593, or 83 per cent. 7,392,732,000 tons of coal have been raised in that period, and of this amount 1,747,620,000 tons, or nearly 24 per cent, of the total production, have been shipped abroad as exports in the form of coal, coke, and manufactured fuel, and as coal ______ used for steamers engaged in foreign trade. The following gives the percentage of {output shipped abroad in each quinquennial period from 1873 to 1907, and the percentage for each of the years 1908-1911:— 1873-1877, 13’8 per cent.; 1878-1882, 161 per cent.; 1883-1887. 19’0 per cent. ; 1888-1892, 21’2 per cent.; 1893-1897, 23’0 per cent.; 1898-1902, 25’7 per cent.; 1903-1907, 29’5 per cent.; 19Q8, 32’6 per cent.; 1909, 32’6 per cent.; 1910, 32’0 per cent.; 1911, 32’0 per cent. In 1911,18,957,279 tons of coke were obtained, valued at £12,446,250; 21,183 coking ovens were in use during the year, and 1,779,133 tons of briquettes were produced, valued at £1,221,181. Of the other non-metallic minerals the combined values of the output of clay and shale, igneous rocks, limestone, oil shale, salt, sandstone and slate for 1911 amount to nearly 8 millions sterling. Of the metallic minerals raised in the United Kingdom, iron ore is by far the most important, During the year the output of ores of this metal was 15,519,424 tons, _______ valued at £4,035,893. The ore yielded 5,020,510 tons of iron, or more than half of the total quantity of pig iron made in this country. Iron, tin and zinc show an increase, whilst copper, gold, lead and silver show a decrease in the production for 1911, as compared with the preceding year. The average prices of metals, with the exception of tin, for the year showed little alteration compared with the figures for 1910. In the case of tin, the average price was £37 per ton higher than in the preceding year. Coal. The following table gives a summary of the output of * From Part III. (Output) of the General Report on Mines and Quarries for 1911, by Mr. R. A. S. Redmayne, H.M. Ckiief Inspector of Mines. coal from mines and quarries, arranged according to countries:— Quantity. Country. From From m . . Comparison mines. quarries. * with 1910. Tons. Tons. Tons. Tons. England ... 190,230,339...13,775...190,244,114...+6,330,603 Wales .... 39,845,058... — ... 39,845,058...+ 740,475 Scotland ... 41,718,163... — ... 41,718,163...+ 383,031 Ireland.... 84,564... — ... 84,564...+ 4,762 Total, 1911 271,878,124... 13,775...271,891,899... +7,458,871 Total, 1910 264,417,588...15,440...264,433,028... + 658,716 Approxi- m 4. i Comparison mate price County. quantity. with 1909. per ton at the mines. Tons. Tons. s. d. Ireland— From mines: Antrim — 349" Kilkenny 56,984J...+ 2,798 Leitrim , 1,400 ... — Queen's 6.221J... + 5,612 > 11 6’706 Roscommon 11,329 ...- 2,339 Sligo — ... — 300 Tipperary 8,330J...- 600 Tyrone 300 ...- 60 Total for Ireland... 84,564 ...+ 4,762... 11 6’706 Total output & value from mines and The value of the outputs was as follows:—England, £73,789,775; Wales, £22,766,724; Scotland, £14,178,310; Ireland, £48,873—total, £110,783,682, as compared with £108,377,567 in 1910. Output and Value of Coal (including Anthracite), ARRANGED ACCORDING TO COUNTIES. Approxi- County. Total quantity. Comparison mate price with 1910. per ton at the England— From mines: Chester ' Tons. 306,180 ... Tons. - 42,284.. mines. s. d. . 8 3 97 Cumberland 2,296,254 ... + 121,499.. . 7 2-04 Derby 17,164,490 ... - 112,451.. . 7 4’73 Durham, North ... 13,812,819 ... + 473,903.. . 7 6 53 Do. South ... 27,906,097 ... -4-1,813,415.. . 7 6’53 Gloucester 1,436,200 ... - 40,950.. . 9 10 Kent 150 ... i- 150.. . 7 9’09* Lancaster, N. and E. 11,020,695 ... + 21,001.. . 8 10’323 Do. W 12,653,939 ... + 235,720.. . 8 4 Leicester 2,860,497 ... + 67,371.. . 7 0 Monmouth 13,798,747 ... + 792,472.. . 9 10 Northumberland ... 14,682,427 ... + 1,560,736.. . 7 0’96 Nottingham 11,623,250 ... + 442,897.. . 7 5 Salop 815,194 ... - 22,347.. . 7 9 Somerset 1,161,023 ... - 47,023.. . 9 11 Stafford 14,047,758 ... + 37,993.. . 7 4 Warwick 4,893,483 ... + 239,147.. .70 Westmorland 1,185 ... + 65.. .10 0 Worcester 615,333 ... - 43,064.. . 7 0 York, North Riding 1,918 ... , + 823.. .10 0 Do. Westf 14,470,553 ... - 49,189.. . 7 10’34 Do. Southf 24,662,147 ... _________ . + 882,384.. .73 Total from mines From quarries: Derby........... Lancaster N. and E. Northumberland ... Stafford......... Warwick ....... Worcester....... York, West Riding 190,230,339 ...+6,332,268... 7 909 6,961 . 125... — 183 . .. — 688... — 290 . .. + 52... — 1,754 . .. — 369... — 1,780 . .. + 206... — 310 . —... — 2,497 . .. — 991... — ____________ _______ Total from quarries 13,775 ...— 1,665..-. — Do. mines & quarries for England .... 190,244,114 ...+6,330,603... 7 9’09 Wales— From mines: Brecon ....... Carmarthen ... Denbigh........ Flint ............. Glamorgan ... Pembroke ...... 75,437 ...- 701,0491... + 1,616,020$...- 499,291 ...+ 2,679,686 ...+ 763,392 ...- 31,834,489 ...+ 1,629,485$...- 46,209$... + 4.716.. . 10 3 42.477.. .11.6 23.237.. . 12 6 103.244.. . 8 3 81.316.. . 8 4 49.114.. . 8 4 649.194.. . 11 9 64,047...11 6 5.358.. . 15 0 __________ Total for Wales 39,845,058 . .. + 740,475...11 513 Scotland— From mines : Argyll, Dumfries, Inverness, Kin- ross, Peebles and Sutherland 493,634 . .. + 49,601... 6 804 Ayr 4,204,813 . .. + 186,694... 6 4’35 Clackmannan 414,746 . .. + 8,834... § Dumbarton 559,121 . .. + 740... || Edinburgh 3,038,868 . .. + 47,057... 6 7’56 Fife 9,037,790 . .. + 363,386... 6 8’42 Haddington 1,021,169 . — 67,195... II Lanark 17,504,906 .. .. — 381,231... 6 10’28 Linlithgow 2,178,827 . .. + 119,394... II Renfrew 151,350 . .. + 18,594... II Stirling 3,112,939 . .. + 37,157... 7 8’8 Total for Scotland 41,718,163 . .. + 383,031... 6 9’57 quarries in the United Kingdom in 1911 ........... 271,891,899 ...+7,458,871... 8 1’79 Total in 1910 ..... 264,433,028 ... + 658,716... 8 2’36 * This price is the average price of the other English counties, f Both these divisions are in the West Riding. $ Anthracite. § Value included with Fife. || Value included with Edinburgh. The total output of anthracite was 4,350,479 tons, valued at £2,537,212. Of this total, 3,992,763 tons, valued at £2,384,727, were raised in Wales; 286,181 tons (estimated), valued at £110,657, in Scotland; and 71,535 tons, valued at £41,828, in Ireland. Table A shows the output of coalfields separately. The quantity of mineral raised per person employed underground at coalmines was 324 tons on an average in 1911, as against 321 in the preceding year. The output of coal from open quarries (13,775 tons) is not included. | Table B (p. 72) shows the output of coal in the United j Kingdom, the quantity shipped for foreign countries in the form of coal, coke, and manufactured fuel, the • quantity remaining for home ^consumption, and its ! proportion to each head of the population from the year ' 1881 to 1911. Coke and Briquettes. I Returns of production of coke were received from i 147 colliery owners, comprising 206 separate works, 1,431 gas companies, and 17 other owners of coke ovens comprising 18 works. The counties of Durham and ' York furnished 68 per cent, of the total quantity of coke : made at coking ovens, and 67 per cent, of the total number of ovens were being worked in those counties. Of the 224 works (other than gas works) where coking plant is in use, by-products were recovered in 1911 at 81. The principal by-products were sulphate of ammonia and tar. Returns as to the manufacture of briquettes were obtained from all firms known to be engaged in the industry, South Wales being by far the largest con- tributor in this respect. Table C (p. 72) shows the quantity and value of coke obtained, and the amount of coal used in the manufacture thereof, at gas works and coke ovens in the United Kingdom during the year 1911. I Table D (p. 72) shows the number and kind of coking ovens in use in the United Kingdom during the year 1911. The following shows the principal centres of the coke industry, the first figure being the quantity of coal carbonised, and the figures in parentheses the quantity of coke obtained:—Durham, 8,280,652 tons (5,338,563 tons) ; Yorkshire, 6,314,159 tons (3,627,264 tons); Lancashire, 2,838,958 tons (1,465,333 tons); Glamorgan (including |coke made Jat coke ovens in Denbigh) 1,466,738 tons (839,568 tons) ; Essex, 1,369,408 tons (658,902 tons); Monmouth, 940,423 tons (596,487 tons); Staffordshire, 992,247 tons (584,934 tons); Lanarkshire, ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Table A.—Output of Minerals obtained from Coalmines Classified according to Coalfields. Coalfield. Coal. ; Ironstone, i fireclay, i &c., produced from coalmines. 1 Number of persons employed. Quantity of coal raised, including ironstone, fireclay, &c. Quantity raised. Comparison with 1910. Per- centage of the total 1 output. Total value at pit's mouth. Average price per ton. Under- ground. Under and above ground. Per person employed under- ground. Per person employed under and above ground. Tons. Tons. i £ s. d. i Tons. Tons. Tons. 1. Scotch coalfields 41,718,163 + 383,031 15’3 14,178,310 6 9’57 1 781,574 106,248 131,314 400 324 2. Northern coalfield 56,401,343 + 3,848,054 20’7 20,934,301 7 5’08 I 529,623 174,506 216,733 326 263 3. Yorkshire, &c., coalfield 67,920,440 + 1,163,641 25 0 25,283,956 7 5’34 528,461 195,221 245,111 351 279 4. Lancashire and Cheshire coalfield... 23,980,814 + 214,437 8’8 10,282,314 8 6’91 182,976 81,961 103,959 295 232 5. Midland coalfields 23,232,265 + 279,100 85 8,395,993 7 2’73 1,271,018 68,977 89,160 355 277 6. Small detached coalfields 4,896,730 + 34,564 1’8 2,106,622 8 7’25 63,539 20,944 26,591 237 187 7. North Wales coalfield 3,443,078 + 32,202 1’3 1,434.616 8 400 46,063 12,688 15,424 275 226 8. South Wales coalfield 50,200,727 + 1,500,745 18’5 28,116,492 11 2’42 144,527 188,287 220,815 267 228 9. Irish coalfields 84,564 + 4,762 0’1 48,873 11 6’71 1,002 589 790 145 108 Total or average 271,878,124 + 7,460,536 100’0 110,781,477 8 1'79 3,548,783 849,421 1,049,897 324 262